期刊
MATHEMATICS
卷 9, 期 22, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/math9222932
关键词
heat source; hybrid ferrofluid; dual solution; exponentially stretching/shrinking; stability analysis; heat source/sink
类别
资金
- Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS)
- Ministry of Higher Education with project number [FRGS/1/2018/STG06/UPM/02/4.]
This research investigates the numerical analysis of hybrid ferrofluid flow with MHD and heat source/sink effects, demonstrating the influences on velocity, temperature, and heat transfer. It also reveals the existence of non-unique solutions and stable solutions.
The numerical investigations of hybrid ferrofluid flow with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and heat source/sink effects are examined in this research. The sheet is assumed to stretch or shrink exponentially near the stagnation region. Two dissimilar magnetic nanoparticles, namely cobalt ferrite, CoFe2O4 and magnetite, Fe3O4, are considered with water as a based fluid. Utilizing the suitable similarity transformation, the governing equations are reduced to an ordinary differential equation (ODE). The converted ODEs are numerically solved with the aid of bvp4c solver from Matlab. The influences of varied parameters on velocity profile, skin friction coefficient, temperature profile and local Nusselt number are demonstrated graphically. The analysis evident the occurrence of non-unique solution for a shrinking sheet and it is confirmed from the analysis of stability that only the first solution is the stable solution. It is also found that for a stronger heat source, heat absorption is likely to happen at the sheet. Further, hybrid ferrofluid intensifies the heat transfer rate compared to ferrofluid. Moreover, the boundary layer separation is bound to happen faster with an increment of magnetic parameter, while it delays when CoFe2O4 nanoparticle volume fraction increases.
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