4.7 Article

Prevalence of Trypanosome Species in Cattle Near Ruma National Park, Lambwe Valley, Kenya: An Update From the Historical Focus for African Trypanosomosis

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FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.750169

关键词

bovine trypanosomosis; T; brucei subgroup; congolense savannah; vivax; wildlife-livestock interface; Lambwe valley; prevalence

资金

  1. European Union's Integrated Biological Control Applied Research Programmetsetse repellent component (EU-IBCARP tsetse) [IBCARP DCI-FOOD/2014/346739]
  2. German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (B.M.Z.) through the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (G.I.Z.) ICTDL Project [81235250, 18.7860.2-001.00]
  3. DELTAS Africa Initiative grant of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)'s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) [DEL-15-011]
  4. New Partnership for Africa's Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency)
  5. Wellcome Trust [107742/Z/15/Z]
  6. UK Aid from the UK Government
  7. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)
  8. Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
  9. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
  10. Kenyan Government

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis in Lambwe valley, identifying major infecting species and their distribution. Findings showed that approximately 85% of infections occurred within 2 km of Ruma National Park.
The effective control of diseases in areas shared with wildlife depends on the validity of the epidemiologic parameters that guide interventions. Epidemiologic data on animal trypanosomosis in Lambwe valley are decades old, and the recent suspected outbreaks of the disease in the valley necessitate the urgent bridging of this data gap. This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, identified risk factors, and investigated the occurrence of species with zoonotic potential in Lambwe valley. The area is ~324 km(2), of which 120 km(2) is the Ruma National Park. Blood was sampled from the jugular and marginal ear veins of 952 zebu cattle between December 2018 and February 2019 and tested for trypanosomes using the Buffy Coat Technique (BCT) and PCR-High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis of the 18S RNA locus. Risk factors for the disease were determined using logistic regression. The overall trypanosome prevalence was 11.0% by BCT [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.0-13.0] and 27.9% by PCR-HRM (95% CI: 25.1-30.8). With PCR-HRM as a reference, four species of trypanosomes were detected at prevalences of 12.7% for T. congolense savannah (95% CI: 10.6-14.8), 7.7% for T. brucei brucei (CI: 6.0-9.4), 8.7% for T. vivax (CI: 6.9-10.5), and 1.3% for T. theileri (CI: 0.6-2.0). About 2.4% of cattle had mixed infections (CI: 1.4-3.41). No human-infective trypanosomes were found. Infections clustered across villages but were not associated with animal age, sex, herd size, and distance from the park. Approximately 85% of infections occurred within 2 km of the park. These findings add to evidence that previous interventions eliminated human trypanosomosis but not bovine trypanosomosis. Risk-tailored intervention within 2 km of Ruma Park, especially in the north and south ends, coupled with stringent screening with molecular tools, could significantly reduce bovine trypanosomosis.

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