Accelerating the Development of Heat Tolerant Tomato Hybrids through a Multi-Traits Evaluation of Parental Lines Combining Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis

The constitution of heat tolerant F-1 hybrids is a challenge to ensure high yield and good fruit quality in the global climate. In the present work, we evaluated 15 genotypes for yield-related traits highly affected by high temperatures (HT). This phenotypic analysis allowed to identify four parental genotypes showing promising yield performances under HT conditions. Two of these genotypes also exhibited good fruit quality traits. A molecular marker analysis was carried out for six resistance genes to pathogens mostly affecting tomatoes. This analysis evidenced the presence of a maximum of three resistant alleles in parental genotypes. Exploring single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed by two high-throughput genotyping platforms allowed identifying additional 12 genes potentially involved in resistance to biotic stress, to be further investigated. Following these considerations, 13 F-1 hybrids were constituted combining the parental genotypes and then evaluated for multiple traits under HT conditions. By estimating a hybrid index based on yield performances, desirable quality and resistance gene, we identified seven hybrids showing the best performances. The promising results obtained in the present work should be confirmed by evaluating the best hybrids selected for additional years and environments before proposing them as novel commercial hybrids that could maintain high performances under HT conditions.

Automated summary

Constructing heat-tolerant F-1 hybrids is crucial for ensuring high yield and fruit quality in global climate challenges. Through evaluating genotypes and conducting molecular marker analysis, potential resistance genes were identified for further investigation. Thirteen F-1 hybrids were developed, with seven showing the best performances in terms of yield, fruit quality, and disease resistance under high temperature conditions.