Cytotoxic and molecular assessment with copper and iron nanocomposite, act as a soft eradicator against cancer cells

The composites are the materials, which have either one or more combination with other material and exhibit extraordinary chemical characteristics. The present work describes the formation of composite of copper and iron metal oxide (CuFeO2). The synthesized powder materials are in nanorange. The nanocomposite nanoparticles (NCsNPs) were synthesized via solution process with using copper nitrate hexahydrate, iron nitrate non hydrate as a main precursor material whereas sodium hydroxide was utilized as a salt reducing agent. The formed NCsNPs were characterized with X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the structural and chemical characteristic in detail. It reveals that the NCNP is similar to 45 nm in size with clear spherical shaped morphology with good chemical characteristics. The NCsNPs were utilized against cancer cells (C2C12 myoblast) for to reduce the growth rate with different incubation (24 & 48 h) periods. The % cells death was examined through MTT assay at different concentration (0.5 mu g/mL, 1 mu g/mL, 2 mu g/mL, 5 mu g/mL, 10 mu g/mL, 25 mu g/mL, 50 mu g/mL, 100 mu g/mL) of NCs with different (24 & 48 h) incubations respectively. The apoptosis in cells were analyzed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) study with apoptotic marker gens caspase 3 and 7 with control and the obtained data reveals that with the exposure of NCs, upregulated in gene expression at fixed concentration in 24 h incubation period. Based on acquired results a possible relation between the NCs and cancer cells were also discussed. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

This study describes the synthesis and characterization of a composite material consisting of copper and iron metal oxide. The synthesized nanocomposite nanoparticles exhibit good chemical characteristics and are effective in reducing the growth rate of cancer cells.