期刊
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.728890
关键词
harmful algae; Alexandrium; transcriptome; algicidal bacteria; symbiosis
资金
- National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) [2016M1A5A1027455, 2016M1A5A1027453, 2016M1A5A1027458]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2016M1A5A1027453, 2016M1A5A1027458] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
The marine bacterium Pseudoruegeria sp. M32A2M exhibits algicidal activity against Alexandrium catenella, affecting its photosystem and related metabolic pathways while enhancing its own metabolic activities. During co-culture, the secondary metabolite-synthesizing clusters of Pseudoruegeria are upregulated, potentially contributing to its algicidal activity.
The marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium is associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs) worldwide, causing paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans. We found that the marine bacterium Pseudoruegeria sp. M32A2M exhibits algicidal activity against Alexandrium catenella (Group I), inhibiting its motility and consequently inducing cell disruption after 24 h of co-culture. To understand the communication between the two organisms, we investigated the time-course cellular responses through genome-wide transcriptome analysis. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that the core reactions of the photosystem in A. catenella were inhibited within 2 h, eventually downregulating the entire pathways of oxidative phosphorylation and carbon fixation, as well as associated metabolic pathways. Conversely, Pseudoruegeria upregulated its glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Also, the transporters for nutrients such as C3/C4 carbohydrates and peptides were highly upregulated, leading to the speculation that nutrients released by disrupted A. catenella cells affect the central metabolism of Pseudoruegeria. In addition, we analyzed the secondary metabolite-synthesizing clusters of Pseudoruegeria that were upregulated by co-culture, suggesting their potential roles in algicidal activity. Our time-course transcriptome analysis elucidates how A. catenella is affected by algicidal bacteria and how these bacteria obtain functional benefits through metabolic pathways.
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