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Cell Biology
Yunqing Gu et al.
Summary: The study identified ASGR1 and KREMEN1 as alternative functional receptors for SARS-CoV-2, in addition to ACE2, which together play essential roles in virus entry. The combination of these receptors affects virus susceptibility across different cell types and displays a stronger correlation with virus susceptibility when expressed together. In human lung organoids, a cocktail of antibodies targeting these three receptors provides the most significant blockage of SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared to individual antibodies.
Review
Virology
Ashutosh Kumar et al.
Summary: The emergence of new variants of the coronavirus has overcome existing epidemiological barriers, leading to more severe disease in younger and healthier individuals. Key mutations in these variants can enhance virus-host interactions, increasing viral entry and replication efficiency. Additionally, the reduced neutralization of these variants by natural and vaccine-induced antibodies may pose risks of reinfection and vaccine breakthroughs in the ongoing pandemic.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandipan Chakraborty
Summary: The study identifies selective SARS-CoV2 spike RBD variants through evolutionary analysis and protein docking calculations, showing differential binding affinities with ACE2. Some variants exhibit reduced ACE2 affinity, while others demonstrate increased affinity towards ACE2.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Muhammad Suleman et al.
Summary: This study computationally analyzed the ACE2 binding abilities of SARS-CoV-2 variants, finding that mutations altered the hydrogen bond network and interactions, leading to more efficient binding to the ACE2 receptor. All atoms simulation revealed stable dynamic features and the enhanced binding energies of mutant complexes, attributed primarily to electrostatic interactions.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katie J. Ewer et al.
Summary: A single dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine can induce favorable immune responses that may help control or prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis Queiros-Reis et al.
Summary: The article delves into the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 virus and human cells in COVID-19, exploring how they affect viral fitness and immune response mechanisms, with a focus on the structural interactions between the S protein and hACE2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Summer E. Galloway et al.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chen Chen et al.
Summary: This study presents a two-step framework using molecular dynamics trajectories and neural networks to predict the effects of amino acid changes on the binding affinity between RBD and hACE2. The computational model achieved a validation accuracy of 82.8% for classifying single-amino acid substitution variants and a correlation coefficient of 0.73 between predicted and experimentally calculated binding affinities changes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengfei Wang et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global repercussions, with promising vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapies. However, newly detected variants of SARS-CoV-2 present challenges to these treatment options.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuping Xie et al.
Summary: The study found that human sera from recipients of the BNT162b2 vaccine can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 viruses containing key spike mutations from the newly emerged UK and SA variants.
Article
Virology
Sabari Nath Neerukonda et al.
Summary: The B.1.617 lineage variants, including Kappa (B.1.617.1) and Delta (B.1.617.2, AY), emerged during the second wave of infections in India. Delta variants have become dominant globally and continue to evolve. The study found that B.1.617 variants showed modest reductions in neutralization by convalescent and vaccine-elicited sera, and some therapeutic antibodies lost neutralization effectiveness against these variants.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
John E. Chittum et al.
Summary: This study identified specific sequences of heparan sulfate (HS) oligosaccharides that can act as potent antagonists against SARS-CoV-2, offering potential for developing inhibitors of early viral entry steps. Competitive and virtual screening studies revealed the importance of certain HS structures for selective recognition of the virus receptor-binding domain, suggesting a novel pharmacophore for engineered selectivity. This work highlights the key structural motif in HS that could lead to effective and selective agents against SARS-CoV-2.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melanie Koehler et al.
Summary: The study utilized atomic force microscopy and molecular dynamics to investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural properties of RBD-ACE2 complex formation. The research found a significant increase in complex stability for several variants of concern.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tingting Li et al.
Summary: Neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain have shown remarkable efficacy against authentic SARS-CoV-2 and B.1.351 viruses. Two potent neutralizing antibodies, 58G6 and 510A5, demonstrate prophylactic efficacy and could be promising candidates to combat the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jun Zhang et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to millions of deaths and devastating socio-economic consequences worldwide. Understanding the structure-function relationships of viral proteins and host factors is crucial for developing intervention strategies. The trimeric spike protein is a key target for diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines, and rapid progress in its structural biology has advanced our understanding of the viral entry process.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yuzhao Zhang et al.
Summary: This study investigated the dynamics and structures of the complexes of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBDs and hACE2 through molecular dynamics simulation, uncovering enhanced binding affinities of certain mutant types with hACE2. The computational protocol provided a reliable method to assess RBD mutations and guide the design of future drugs or vaccines.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Liyana Ahmad
Summary: This article discusses the pressures leading to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and key mutations that promote immune escape mechanisms, highlighting the potential threats to the efficacy of current COVID-19 vaccines. It cautions on the risks of reinfection, vaccine breakthrough infections, and therapeutic values.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Abbas Khan et al.
Summary: The study showed that new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have increased binding affinity to the host cell receptor GRP78, leading to higher infectivity and disease severity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Delphine Planas et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Delta variant, first identified in India in 2020, has become dominant in some regions and is spreading to many countries. This variant shows resistance to certain monoclonal antibodies and antibodies in convalescent sera, as well as reduced neutralization by some COVID-19 vaccines. Administration of two doses of the vaccine is needed for a neutralizing response against the Delta variant.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Kaiming Tao et al.
Summary: The emergence of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants has significant impacts on the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including increased virus transmission rates, heightened risk of reinfection, and reduced effectiveness of neutralizing antibodies and vaccines. These variants have introduced new challenges to COVID-19 research, necessitating additional avenues of laboratory, epidemiological, and clinical studies.
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
William T. Harvey et al.
Summary: The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by the emergence of mutations and variants that impact virus characteristics. Manufacturers are preparing for possible updates to vaccines in response to changes in the virus population, and it is crucial to monitor genetic and antigenic changes alongside experiments to understand the impacts of mutations.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Ivana Lazarevic et al.
Summary: Although SARS-CoV-2 evolves slowly compared to other RNA viruses, its rapid transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of numerous variants, some of which have been labeled as variants of concern. These variants may have an impact on transmission, morbidity/mortality, and evasion of neutralization by antibodies, especially monoclonal antibodies.
Article
Virology
Alyssa T. Pyke et al.
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants poses challenges to public health disease management, and the replication and evolutionary dynamics of the virus have important implications for the development of vaccines, antiviral therapies, and epidemiological control strategies for COVID-19.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Md. Zeyaullah et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan, China and quickly spread globally, challenging the current global health system. The virus displays high infectivity and pathogenicity, similar to common cold symptoms, with limited treatment options. Researchers are now focusing on monitoring viral variants and their impact on vaccine efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
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Microbiology
Fengming Sun et al.
Summary: The study used single-molecule real-time technology to sequence the haplotypes of spike gene from 9 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients, revealing stable quasispecies structures and potential evolutionary advantages of minor mutants. The findings suggest that virus populations in different tissues/organs may replicate independently, and the quasispecies complexity of sputum samples is significantly lower than that of nasopharyngeal swabs.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Hylemariam Mihiretie Mengist et al.
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in over 4.9 million deaths and is having devastating effects on the global healthcare system. Understanding the impact of viral mutations on vaccines and immunity is crucial for designing effective strategies to combat emerging variants.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
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Alexandra C. Walls et al.
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Joseph T. Ortega et al.
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Supriya Ravichandran et al.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
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Genetics & Heredity
Louis-Marie Bobay et al.
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Virology
H. R. Rangel et al.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksander Kuriata et al.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2018)
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Stefan Elbe et al.
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Biochemical Research Methods
Li C. Xue et al.
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G. C. P. van Zundert et al.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2016)
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Brian G. Pierce et al.
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus Wiederstein et al.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2007)
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K Arnold et al.
