Metabolic and Metabolomic Insights Regarding the Omega-3 PUFAs Intake in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is currently considered an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells, insulin deficiency, and dysglycemia. Dietary factors, including omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs), were reported to influence T1DM. Therefore, a better understanding of the potential role of omega-3 PUFAs in the development and progression of T1DM will help to improve the clinical management of the disease. In this review, we explored the current understanding of molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways induced by omega-3 PUFAs and the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs intake in the prevention and treatment of T1DM, as well as the underlying possible metabolomic (lipidomics) changes.

Automated summary

Dietary factors, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have been found to influence Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Understanding the role of omega-3 PUFAs in the development and progression of T1DM can help improve clinical management.