期刊
MICROORGANISMS
卷 9, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102048
关键词
picocyanobacteria toxicity; Cyanobium; Synechococcus; Artemia salina; sea urchin embryos; HeLa cell line; microcystin; BMAA
类别
This study analyzed the biological effects of organic and aqueous extracts from two strains of picocyanobacteria isolated from the Mediterranean sponge on Artemia salina larvae, sea urchin embryos, and human cancer cells. The extracts showed strong inhibitory effects on larval development of Artemia salina and proliferation of HeLa cells. Methanol extracts exhibited the highest activity, indicating the potential for production of pharmacologically active compounds.
Coccoid cyanobacteria produce a great variety of secondary metabolites, which may have useful properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant or anticancer activities. These cyanobacterial metabolites have high ecological significance, and they could be considered responsible for the widespread occurrence of these microorganisms. Considering the great benefit derived from the identification of competent cyanobacteria for the extraction of bioactive compounds, two strains of picocyanobacteria (coccoid cyanobacteria < 3 mu m) (Cyanobium sp. ITAC108 and Synechococcus sp. ITAC107) isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Petrosia ficiformis were analyzed. The biological effects of organic and aqueous extracts from these picocyanobacteria toward the nauplii of Artemia salina, sea urchin embryos and human cancer lines (HeLa cells) were evaluated. Methanolic and aqueous extracts from the two strains strongly inhibited larval development; on the contrary, in ethyl acetate and hexane extracts, the percentage of anomalous embryos was low. Moreover, all the extracts of the two strains inhibited HeLa cell proliferation, but methanol extracts exerted the highest activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis evidenced for the first time the presence of beta-N-methylamino-l-alanine and microcystin in these picocyanobacteria. The strong cytotoxic activity observed for aqueous and methanolic extracts of these two cyanobacteria laid the foundation for the production of bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest.
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