Management of Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease: therapeutic advances and emerging treatments

Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) remains a challenging condition to diagnose and treat effectively. Treatment of NTM-PD is prolonged, frequently associated with adverse effects and has variable success. In this review, we consider the factors influencing clinicians when treating NTM-PD and discuss outcomes from key studies on the pharmacological management of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease and M. abscessus pulmonary disease. We highlight issues relating to treatment-related toxicity and provide an overview of repurposed and emerging therapies for NTM-PD.

Automated summary

Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is a challenging condition to diagnose and treat. The treatment process is prolonged and often accompanied by adverse effects. This review considers the factors influencing clinicians when treating NTM-PD and discusses the outcomes of key studies on the pharmacological management of different types of NTM-PD.