Effects of Combined Potassium and Organic Fertilizer Application on Newhall Navel Orange Nutrient Uptake, Yield, and Quality

In this study, we investigated the effects of the combined application of different doses of potassium and organic fertilizers on the nutrient uptake, yield, and quality of Newhall navel oranges (Citrus sinensis Osb. cv.). The citrus trees were treated with potassium fertilizer alone or with one of three combinations of organic and potassium fertilizers. Spring shoots, autumn shoots, and fruit were collected when they reached maturity, and the relevant indexes were determined by conventional methods. The soil carbon flux was measured 15, 35, 65, and 95 days after fertilizer application by a soil gas flux measuring instrument. The results showed that the dry weights of leaves and twigs of the spring shoots were 43.1% and 99.8% higher in the OM15+K05-treated (15 kg organic manure and 1.05 kg potassium sulfate per plant) than in the OM0+K25-treated (1.25 kg potassium sulfate per plant) plants, respectively. Combined potassium and organic fertilizer application helped the shoots and fruits to absorb more mineral nutrients. As a result, the fruit yield increased, fruit surface color improved, and skin thickness became thinner. The internal quality of the fruit was also improved by the combination of different potassium fertilizers and organic fertilizers. The fruit quality was optimal for the OM10+K15-treated plants. The recommended doses of organic and potassium sulfate fertilizers for Newhall navel orange orchards with purple paddy soil in southwestern China are 5-10 kg/plant and 1.15-1.20 kg/plant, respectively.

Automated summary

The study showed that the combined application of different doses of potassium and organic fertilizers significantly improved the growth, yield, and fruit quality of Newhall navel oranges. In particular, the OM15+K05 treatment resulted in significantly higher dry weights of leaves and twigs. This combination also led to better nutrient uptake, increased fruit yield, improved fruit surface color, and thinner skin. The optimal fruit quality was observed in plants treated with OM10+K15.