Influence of Age on the Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Corn and Barley in Broilers

Simple Summary Efficient amino acid (AA) utilization in broilers is crucial concerning the accuracy of feed formulation, economy of diet and minimizing nitrogenous pollution in the environment. A range of factors (ingredient type, age, sex, feed form and bird type) can affect the AA digestion in poultry. The first week of broiler life is considered the most critical period while chicks source nutrition from residual yolk. Dynamic changes are noted in the digestive tract development, secretion and activity of protein digestive enzymes during the first few weeks in broiler. Limited data exist on the age effect on AA digestibility in broilers, and the results are paradoxical. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of age on the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDCs) of AAs in corn and barley from hatching to the end of the broiler growth cycle (day 42). Based on the results, the age influence on AA digestibility is grain- and AA-dependent. The pattern of the age effect on the SIDC AA in corn was not consistent. In the case of barley, the SIDC AA increased with advancing age. The aim of this study was to determine the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDCs) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AAs) in corn and barley at six different ages (days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42) of broilers using the direct method. The apparent AA digestibility coefficients were corrected using age-appropriate basal endogenous AA losses. No age effect (p > 0.05) was noted for the SIDC of N in corn. The average SIDC of indispensable AAs (IAAs) and total AAs (TAAs) was influenced in a quadratic manner (p < 0.05) with the values being higher at day 7 that decreased at day 14, increased and plateaued between days 21 and 35 and dropped again at day 42. The average SIDC of dispensable AAs (DAAs) was influenced linearly (p < 0.05). In barley, the SIDC of N and average IAAs, DAAs and TAAs was affected (quadratic; p < 0.001) by age. The digestibility increased from day 7 to 21 and then plateaued up to day 42. The present findings confirm that the SIDC of AA in corn and barley are influenced by broiler age and that the age effect on AA digestibility may need to be considered for precise feed formulation.

Automated summary

Efficient amino acid utilization in broilers is crucial for accurate feed formulation, economy of diet and minimizing nitrogenous pollution. Various factors can affect amino acid digestion in poultry, with the first week of broiler life being considered a critical period. Results show that the age effect on amino acid digestibility in corn and barley varies and should be taken into consideration for precise feed formulation.