期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
卷 217, 期 -, 页码 137-140出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.10.019
关键词
Mycotoxins; Patulin; Penicillium; P. expansum; Toxigenic fungi; IDH gene
资金
- EU Mare Nostrum (EUMN-III Call) program of the European Union [2011-4050/001-EMA2]
- EUMN program [1.04.11.01 UORI]
The isolation of patulin-producing Penicillia in apples collected in different markets in four localities in Morocco is reported. Fungi were identified by beta-tubulin sequencing and further characterized using a specific PCR-based method targeting the isoepoxydon dehydrogenase (IDH) gene to discriminate between patulin-producing and non-producing strains. Production of patulin was also evaluated using standard cultural and biochemical methods. Results showed that 79.5% of contaminant fungi belonged to the genus Penicillium and that Penicillium expansum was the most isolated species (83.9%) followed by Penicillium chrysogenum (similar to 9.7%) and Penicillium crustosum (similar to 6.4%). Molecular analysis revealed that 64.5% of the Penicillium species produced the expected IDH-amplicon denoting patulin production in these strains. However, patulin production was not chemically confirmed in all P. expansum strains. The isolation of IDH-/patulin(+) strains poses the hypothesis that gentisylaldehyde is not a direct patulin precursor, supporting previous observations that highlighted the importance of the gentisyl alcohol in the production of this mycotoxin. Total agreement between IDH-gene detection and cultural/chemical methods employed was observed in 58% of P. expansum strains and for 100% of the other species isolated. Overall the data reported here showed a substantial genetic variability within P. expansum population from Morocco. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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