期刊
PROCESSES
卷 10, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pr10010016
关键词
cancer immunotherapy; cancer vaccine; cancer antigens; CRISPR-Cas9; engineered T cells
资金
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Ministry of Education [NRF-2020R1I1A2066868]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Korea government (MSIT) [2020R1A5A2019413]
- Korea Health Technology R&D Project through Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)
- Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [HF20C0116, HF20C0038]
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new treatment option, but there are challenges in effectively targeting cancer antigens. Using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to enhance CAR-T cell efficiency offers potential for better cancer treatment.
The mechanisms involved in immune responses to cancer have been extensively studied for several decades, and considerable attention has been paid to harnessing the immune system's therapeutic potential. Cancer immunotherapy has established itself as a promising new treatment option for a variety of cancer types. Various strategies including cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), adoptive T-cell cancer therapy and CAR T-cell therapy have gained prominence through immunotherapy. However, the full potential of cancer immunotherapy remains to be accomplished. In spite of having startling aspects, cancer immunotherapies have some difficulties including the inability to effectively target cancer antigens and the abnormalities in patients' responses. With the advancement in technology, this system has changed the genome-based immunotherapy process in the human body including the generation of engineered T cells. Due to its high specificity, CRISPR-Cas9 has become a simple and flexible genome editing tool to target nearly any genomic locus. Recently, the CD19-mediated CAR T-cell (chimeric antigen receptor T cell) therapy has opened a new avenue for the treatment of human cancer, though low efficiency is a major drawback of this process. Thus, increasing the efficiency of the CAR T cell (engineered T cells that induce the chimeric antigen receptor) by using CRISPR-Cas9 technology could be a better weapon to fight against cancer. In this review, we have broadly focused on recent immunotherapeutic techniques against cancer and the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology for the modification of the T cell, which can specifically recognize cancer cells and be used as immune-therapeutics against cancer.
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