4.7 Article

Association of lactase persistence genotype with milk consumption, obesity and blood pressure: a Mendelian randomization study in the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort, with a systematic review and meta-analysis

期刊

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
卷 45, 期 5, 页码 1573-1587

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw074

关键词

Lactase persistence; milk; body mass index; obesity; blood pressure; Mendelian randomization

资金

  1. Wellcome Trust
  2. Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq)
  3. Rio Grande do Sul State Research Support Foundation (FAPERGS)
  4. International Development Research Center
  5. World Health Organization
  6. Overseas Development Administration
  7. European Union
  8. National Support Program for Centers of Excellence (PRONEX)
  9. Brazilian Ministry of Health
  10. MRC [MC_UU_12013/1] Funding Source: UKRI
  11. Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12013/1] Funding Source: researchfish

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Background: Milk intake has been associated with lower blood pressure (BP) in observational studies, and randomized controlled trials suggested that milk-derived tripeptides have BP-lowering effects. Milk intake has also been associated with body mass index (BMI). Nevertheless, it is unclear whether increasing milk consumption would reduce BP in the general population. Methods: We investigated the association of milk intake with obesity and BP using genetically-defined lactase persistence (LP) based on the rs4988235 polymorphism in a Mendelian randomization design in the 1982 Pelotas (Southern Brazil) Birth Cohort. These results were combined with published reports identified through a systematic review using meta-analysis. Results: In the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort, milk intake was 42 [95% confidence interval (CI): 18; 67) ml/day higher in LP individuals. In conventional observational analysis, each 1-dl/day increase in milk intake was associated with -0.26 (95% CI: -0.33; -0.19) kg/m(2) in BMI and -0.31 (95% CI: -0.46; -0.16) and -0.35 (95% CI: -0.46; -0.23) mmHg in systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. These results were not corroborated when analysing LP status, but confidence intervals were large. In random effects meta-analysis, LP individuals presented higher BMI [0.17 (95% CI: 0.07; 0.27) kg/m(2)] and higher odds of overweight-obesity [1.09 (95% CI: 1.02; 1.17)]. There were no reliable associations for BP. Conclusions: Our study supports that LP is positively associated with obesity, suggesting that the negative association of milk intake with obesity is likely due to limitations of conventional observational studies. Our findings also do not support that increased milk intake leads to lower BP.

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