期刊
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
卷 10, 期 21, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215124
关键词
predictive preventive personalized medicine (3PM); molecular patterns; abscopal effects; cancers; metastatic disease; radiotherapy; biomarker panel; immunotherapy; immune checkpoint inhibitors; multi-level diagnostics; liquid biopsy; prognosis; artificial intelligence; big data analysis; personalized treatment algorithms; individual outcomes; cost-efficacy
In addition to relieving cancer pain, radiotherapy can sometimes induce systemic antitumor effects in other parts of the body. This effect is associated with immune activation, typically seen under immune checkpoint blockade. While the occurrence of abscopal effects is rare and unpredictable, studying reported cases can help identify biomarkers and clinical patterns.
Patients with metastatic cancers often require radiotherapy (RT) as a palliative therapy for cancer pain. RT can, however, also induce systemic antitumor effects outside of the irradiated field (abscopal effects) in various cancer entities. The occurrence of the abscopal effect is associated with a specific immunological activation in response to RT-induced cell death, which is mainly seen under concomitant immune checkpoint blockade. Even if the number of reported apscopal effects has increased since the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibition, its occurrence is still considered rare and unpredictable. The cases reported so far may nevertheless allow for identifying first biomarkers and clinical patterns. We here review biomarkers that may be helpful to predict the occurrence of abscopal effects and hence to optimize therapy for patients with metastatic cancers.
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