Chance-constrained programming for optimal scheduling of combined cooling, heating, and power-based microgrid coupled with flexible technologies

Microgrids (MGs) have a special role in developing several consumers' energy infrastructure and supply in more economical, safer, and sustainable ways. The interaction and mutual relationship between each energy carrier on the reliable performance of other carriers and the high growth of tri-generation technologies in the MG face the optimal performance of such networks with many challenges. Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP)-based MGs are a new generation of MGs that simultaneously provide electrical, thermal, and cooling loads. However, the interaction between these carriers is very influential in CCHP-based MG's operation, which is rarely analyzed. Hence, this paper focuses on the operation of CCHP-based MG coupled with hybrid chiller, multi-energy storage, solar and wind power, etc., under the chance-constrained programming (CCP) approach by considering the mutual relationship between carriers. While modeling consumption and wind and solar energies fluctuations, the proposed approach analyzes the violation of the balance constraint for each carrier and subject it to guarantee the corresponding confidence level. Therefore, the degree of dependence of the system on each carrier and the mutual relationship between carriers are analyzed in this work. This paper also presents a new incentive framework for participating in the electricity and heating markets for the system. The proposed model is implemented on the test system, and the results are discussed for different cases for several confidence levels. The results illustrate the importance of the electricity carrier confidence level on the safe performance of the whole system compared to other carriers. Only by increasing the operation cost of the electricity sector by 4.3%, the system's reliable performance is guaranteed with a probability of 98%.

Automated summary

Microgrids play a significant role in developing consumer energy infrastructure in more economical, safer, and sustainable ways. This paper focuses on the operation of CCHP-based MGs considering the mutual relationship between carriers, analyzing the dependence of the system on each carrier and the interaction between carriers. The results highlight the importance of the electricity carrier confidence level on the system's reliable performance.