期刊
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
卷 75, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103335
关键词
Machine learning; Evolutionary computing; Smart power grid; Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; DAG-based cloud-fog computing
资金
- Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) , King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah [D-8-611-1443]
This paper introduces a new framework based on directed acyclic graph (DAG) and distributed multi-layer cloud-fog computing for optimizing the energy management of smart grids with high penetration of PHEVs. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
In this paper, a new framework based on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) and distributed multi-layer cloud-fog computing to find the optimal energy management of the smart grids, considering high penetration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The presented distributed structure lets neighboring agents make a consensus together. The uncertainties have been modeled according to the Monte Carlo simulations, due to wide usages of diverse renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic panels and wind turbines. Three diverse charging schemes have been considered in the smart grid test system which contains controlled, uncontrolled and smart chargings. The Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) has been used to solve the augmented Lagrangian function in each agent. The simulation results are shown that the suggested scheme is effective.
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