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Role of Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

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FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.751802

关键词

neutrophil; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; inflammation; fibrosis

资金

  1. Pusan National University Research Grant
  2. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT) [2021R1F1A1056033]
  3. intramural program of NIAAA, NIH
  4. [2021]
  5. National Research Foundation of Korea [2021R1F1A1056033] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)

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NAFLD encompasses a range of liver disorders, with NASH characterized by increased liver injury and inflammation, where neutrophils play a critical role. The review outlines the functions of neutrophils in promoting the progression of fatty liver to NASH and their potential as therapeutic targets.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a spectrum of liver disorders, from fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Compared with fatty liver, NASH is characterized by increased liver injury and inflammation, in which liver-infiltrating immune cells, with neutrophil infiltration as a hallmark of NASH, play a critical role in promoting the progression of fatty liver to NASH. Neutrophils are the first responders to injury and infection in various tissues, establishing the first line of defense through multiple mechanisms such as phagocytosis, cytokine secretion, reactive oxygen species production, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation; however, their roles in the pathogenesis of NASH remain obscure. The current review summarizes the roles of neutrophils that facilitate the progression of fatty liver to NASH and their involvement in inflammation resolution during NASH pathogenesis. The notion that neutrophils are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of NASH is also discussed.

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