期刊
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.827978
关键词
bone mineral density; bone development; infertility; assisted reproductive technology; childbearing age
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC1000204, 2017YFC1001300]
- National Nature Science Foundation of China [81730041]
- National Key Research and Clinical Centre of Reproductive Medicine in Jiangsu Province of China [YXZXB2016001]
This study investigated the differences in bone mineral density (BMD) between ART-conceived children and naturally conceived children, and found that paternal childbearing age and the use of ART independently affected the BMD Z score of the offspring.
ObjectivesTo investigate bone mineral density (BMD) differences between assisted reproductive technology (ART)-conceived children and naturally conceived (NC) children. Study DesignThis retrospective cohort study included ART-conceived children and controls aged 1 to 12 years assessed with a follow-up protocol. Maternal and paternal background, birth condition, and growth and development indicators were analyzed. ResultsThe ART and NC groups exhibited differences in maternal and paternal childbearing age; maternal weight; maternal body mass index (BMI); maternal alcohol consumption; paternal smoking; delivery method; and serum zinc, iron, and lead levels. Multifactor analysis adjusted for relevant factors showed that paternal childbearing age and group significantly affected the BMD Z score. In the subgroup analysis, in vitro fertilization (IVF) (p=0.026) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) (p=0.008) had a positive impact on the BMD Z score. Male infertility only (p=0.010) or male infertility combined with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (p=0.026) may affect the BMD Z score. In the embryo transfer cycle subgroup analysis, compared with natural conception, both stimulation cycle fresh embryo transfer (p=0.019) and natural cycle frozen embryo transfer (p=0.006) had a positive effect on the BMD Z score. ConclusionsThe BMD levels of the ART and control groups were generally in the normal range. Paternal childbearing age and the use of ART independently affected the BMD Z score of the offspring.
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