☆ 4.7 Review

Photochemical and electrochemical strategies in C-F bond activation and functionalization

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photocatalytic gem-Difluoroolefination Reactions by a Formal C-C Coupling/Defluorination Reaction with Diazoacetates

Fang Li et al.

Summary: The study describes a photocatalytic approach for accessing triplet carbene intermediates via energy transfer to conduct efficient gem-difluoroolefination reactions, with the key role played by tertiary amines. The research explores a wide substrate scope, ranging from simple olefins to pharmaceutically relevant building blocks.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Decarboxylative Polyfluoroarylation of Alkylcarboxylic Acids

Xiang Sun et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel method for polyfluoroarylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids was reported, with broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance. Small complex molecules such as natural products and drugs can be modified through late-stage modification.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Photoredox-Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Unactivated Olefins for Synthesizing Lactam-Substituted gem-Difluoroalkenes

Jie Shi et al.

Summary: A photoredox-catalyzed radical cascade reaction has been developed for the synthesis of lactam-substituted gem-difluoroalkenes, providing a simple method with good functional group tolerance and high yields.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Photoredox/Hydrogen Atom Transfer Cocatalyzed C-H Difluoroallylation of Amides, Ethers, and Alkyl Aldehydes

Yuan-Qiang Guo et al.

Summary: This study introduces a method that combines hydrogen atom transfer and photoredox catalysis to achieve the dehydrogenative difluoroallylation of amides, ethers, and alkyl aldehydes. The method transforms a wide range of substrates into gem-difluoroalkenes via the construction of C(sp(3))-C(sp(3)) or C(sp(3))-C(sp(2)) bonds, with excellent functional group compatibility and high selectivity. It is suitable for late-stage modification of pharmaceutical intermediates due to its versatility in substrate types.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Sequential C-F bond functionalizations of trifluoroacetamides and acetates via spin-center shifts

You-Jie Yu et al.

Summary: A general strategy for sequential carbon-fluorine (C-F) bond functionalizations of trifluoroacetamides and trifluoroacetates has been described, enabling the sequential generation of difluoro- and monofluoroalkyl radicals for diverse fluorinated products. The reaction mechanism and chemoselectivity were established through experimental and computational approaches.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Radical Carboxylative Cyclizations and Carboxylations with CO2

Jian-Heng Ye et al.

Summary: Carbon dioxide is a valuable carbon resource in organic synthesis, but its utilization is challenging due to stability and inertness. Researchers have developed radical-type carboxylations and cyclizations using visible-light photoredox catalysis and copper catalysis. These strategies have expanded the scope of CO2 transformations and provided new methods for selective organic synthesis.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Electrochemical synthesis of functionalized gem-difluoroalkenes with diverse alkyl sources via a defluorinative alkylation process

Haoxiang Zhang et al.

Summary: An electrochemical protocol for the defluorinative alkylation of alpha-trifluoromethyl alkenes is described, enabling the preparation of functionalized gem-difluoroalkenes using diverse alkyl sources. This method provides a new route for the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkenes, offering advantages such as mild conditions, simple operation, and convenience of amplification.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Site-Selective Defluorinative sp3 C-H Alkylation of Secondary Amides

Wen-Jun Yue et al.

Summary: This new method features mild conditions, wide applicability, and exquisite site-selectivity, allowing for the rapid and reliable incorporation of gemdifluoroalkene motifs into previously unfunctionalized sp(3) sites, thus providing a new platform for introducing carbonyl isosteres at saturated hydrocarbon sites.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Applied

Radical Cascade Reactions of β,γ-Unsaturated Hydrazones/Oximes

Ya-Feng Si et al.

Summary: This review summarizes and classifies three catalytic ways of radical cascade cyclization of beta,gamma-unsaturated hydrazones/oximes: transition-metal-catalyzed systems, transition-metal-free systems, and photo-/electrocatalytic systems. Through these methods, various functional groups are installed on the pyrazoline and isoxazoline skeletons to enrich the small organic molecule library.

ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

gem-Heteroatom-Substituted Fluoroalkenes as Mimics of Amide Derivatives or Phosphates: A Comprehensive Review

Solene Morand et al.

Summary: This review presents an overview of the syntheses of gem-heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes over the past decade, covering various common heteroatoms and their potential applications in mimicking important organic functions.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Metal-Free Photoredox-Catalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroarenes Utilizing Amide Solvent as Reductant

Naoyuki Toriumi et al.

Summary: In this study, a metal-free photoredox-catalyzed hydrodefluorination of fluoroarenes was achieved using N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-para-phenylenediamine (1) as a strong photoreduction catalyst. This reaction was not only applicable to electron-rich monofluoroarenes but also to polyfluoroarenes, producing non-fluorinated arenes. Experimental mechanistic studies revealed the crucial role of the amide solvent NMP in regenerating the photocatalyst, enabling additive-free photoreduction catalysis.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Radical Chain Reduction via Carbon Dioxide Radical Anion (CO2•-)

Cecilia M. Hendy et al.

Summary: An effective method using the radical anion of carbon dioxide as a reductant was developed, allowing for reductive activation of various substrate classes through a radical chain reaction. Different reactions such as hydroarylation, deamination, radical formation, and cleavage were successfully demonstrated, showcasing the versatility of this approach in predicting reaction outcomes based on substrate reduction potentials.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Visible-Light-Induced Palladium-Catalyzed Selective Defluoroarylation of Trifluoromethylarenes with Arylboronic Acids

Yun-Cheng Luo et al.

Summary: Selective functionalization of inactive C(sp(3))-F bonds to prepare medicinally interesting aryldifluoromethylated compounds remains challenging. One promising route is the transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling through oxidative addition of the C(sp(3))-F bond in trifluoromethylarenes (ArCF3), which are ideal precursors for this process due to their ready availability and low cost. Here, we report an unprecedented excited-state palladium catalysis strategy for selective defluoroarylation of trifluoromethylarenes with arylboronic acids. This visible-light-induced palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling proceeds under mild reaction conditions and allows transformation of a variety of arylboronic acids and ArCF3. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the oxidative addition of the C(sp(3))-F bond in ArCF3 to excited-state palladium(0) via a single electron transfer pathway is responsible for the C(sp(3))-F bond activation.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Electrochemical Trifluoromethylthiolation and Spirocyclization of Alkynes with AgSCF3: Access to SCF3-Containing Spiro[5,5]trienones

Wen-Chao Yang et al.

Summary: A novel and efficient strategy has been developed for trifluoromethylthiolation and dearomatization of activated alkynes using stable and readily available AgSCF3. The unprecedented electrochemical generation of the SCF3 radical enables the synthesis of SCF3-containing spiro[5,5]trienones in good yields via a 6-exo-trig radical cyclization.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Photoredox Generation of N-Centered Hydrazonyl Radicals Enables the Construction of Dihydropyrazole-Fused gem-Difluoroalkenes

Qi-Sheng Gao et al.

Summary: An efficient visible-light-promoted N-radical-mediated tandem radical cyclization/defluorinated alkylation of beta,gamma-unsaturated hydrazones and alpha-trifluoromethyl alkenes was described. This protocol provides a general and effective route to synthesize various dihydropyrazole-fused gem-difluoroalkenes at moderate to excellent yields under redox-neutral, metal-free, and mild conditions.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Visible-Light-Mediated C-I Difluoroallylation with an α-Aminoalkyl Radical as a Mediator

Fuyang Yue et al.

Summary: This protocol involves direct visible-light-mediated C-I difluoroallylation reactions of α-trifluoromethyl arylalkenes with alkyl iodides at room temperature using an alpha-aminoalkyl radical as a mediator. It allows efficient functionalization of various alpha-trifluoromethyl arylalkenes with cyclic and acyclic primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl iodides and is scalable to gram level. The mild protocol using an inexpensive mediator is suitable for late-stage functionalization of complex natural products and drugs.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

C-F bond activation under transition-metal-free conditions

Han-Jun Ai et al.

Summary: The unique properties of fluorine-containing organic compounds have led to the development of diverse C-F bond activation techniques, with a focus on pharmaceuticals and specialty materials. While advances have been made in functionalizing activated C-F bonds using transition metal complexes, fewer approaches are available for nonactivated C-F bonds due to the difficulty in oxidative addition of transition metals. Using Lewis acid and light/radical initiator to activate inert C-F bonds has emerged as a powerful tool, providing greener, more economical processes without heavy metal residues in the pharmaceutical industry.

SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Visible-light photoredox-catalyzed selective carboxylation of C(sp3)-F bonds with CO2

Si-Shun Yan et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the dual role of CO2 as both an electron carrier and an electrophile, enabling selective carboxylation of C(sp(3))-F bonds to construct various alpha-fluorocarboxylic acids via visible-light photoredox catalysis. The fluorinated substrates undergo reduction by CO2 radical anions generated from sequential hydride-transfer reduction and hydrogen-atom transfer processes. This methodology shows promise for the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules.

CHEM (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photo-induced thiolate catalytic activation of inert Caryl-hetero bonds for radical borylation

Shun Wang et al.

Summary: Efforts are being made to develop photo-redox catalysts with high redox power, although current methods face challenges in activating bonds with high bond dissociation energy and substrates with high reduction potentials. A novel photocatalytic strategy using thiolate as a catalyst has been introduced for the activation of inert substituted arenes for aryl borylation, expanding the scope of aryl radical precursors and demonstrating good functional-group tolerance. Spectroscopic investigations suggest the formation of a charge-transfer complex as the key step to activate the substrates.

CHEM (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Organic

Progress in Visible-Light Catalyzed C-F Bond Functionalization of gem-Difluoroalkenes

Zhiqing Li et al.

Summary: Monofluoroalkene structural units are widely present in complex functional molecules such as drugs and natural products. Developing green, economical and efficient methods for synthesizing monofluoroalkenes is of great scientific significance and practical value. Functionalization of the C-F bond of gem-difluoroalkenes is an effective method to prepare monofluoroalkenes, and research progress in this area using visible-light redox catalysis and visible-light redox/transition-metal synergistic catalysis is summarized.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Amidyl radical-mediated aminodifluoroallylation of alkenes via photoredox catalysis

Jia-Lin Tu et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel method for the radical aminodifluoroallylation of alkenes with pendent N-aryl amides using synergistic photoredox and Bronsted base catalysis, leading to the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkene-containing N-heterocycles with high diversity. The reaction mechanism involves a cascade of PCET-based amidyl radical formation, 5-exo cyclization, coupling with trifluoromethyl alkenes, and beta-fluoride elimination, demonstrating wide functional-group compatibility and redox-neutral conditions.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Photoredox relay-catalyzed gem-difluoroallylation of alkyl iodides

Yuanqiang Guo et al.

Summary: A new example of relay catalysis using a combination of Mn-2(CO)(10) and an iridium-based photocatalyst has been reported. The Mn catalyst and iridium-based photocatalyst catalyze the reaction at different stages in the desired sequence under the same reaction conditions, transforming alkyl iodides into gem-difluoroalkenes with good functional group tolerance. This convenient method is suitable for late-stage modification of multifunctional complex molecules.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Diacyl peroxides: practical reagents as aryl and alkyl radical sources

Han Liu et al.

Summary: Diacyl peroxides are commonly used as radical initiators and one electron oxidants in organic synthesis. They can serve as ideal reagents for arylation and alkylation reactions, including various types of radical additions. These protocols have been successfully applied in the synthesis and functionalization of natural products and bioactive molecules.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Direct electrochemical hydrodefluorination of trifluoromethylketones enabled by non-protic conditions

John R. Box et al.

Summary: CF2H groups are unique in their combination of lipophilic and hydrogen bonding properties, with the strength of hydrogen bonding determined by the attached group. Electrochemical hydrodefluorination has been developed as a method for the preparation of under-studied difluoromethyl ketones. Analysis has shown difluoromethyl ketones to potentially be highly useful as dual hydrogen bond donor/acceptor moieties.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrocatalysis as an enabling technology for organic synthesis

Luiz F. T. Novaes et al.

Summary: Electrochemistry has recently become a versatile strategy in achieving challenging transformations in synthetic organic chemistry. The use of redox-active electrocatalysts has increased in recent developments in electrosynthesis to enhance control over reactive intermediates. Electrocatalytic mediators allow for synthetic transformations to proceed in a manner different from purely chemical methods.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Electrochemical synthesis of sulfonated benzothiophenes using 2-alkynylthioanisoles and sodium sulfinates

Ming-Ming Zhang et al.

Summary: A method for electrochemical sulfonylation/cyclization of 2-alkynylthioanisoles with sodium sulfinates under catalyst-, external oxidant- and metal-free conditions has been developed, offering sustainable and efficient access to 3-sulfonated benzothiophenes with good substrate scope and functional group tolerance. This cascade radical process is triggered through a sulfonyl radical addition to alkynes using sodium sulfinates under electrochemical conditions.

ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Organic

Recent advance in the C-F bond functionalization of trifluoromethyl-containing compounds

Guobing Yan et al.

Summary: Activation of C-F bonds in trifluoromethyl-containing compounds is a challenging task in organic synthesis, with significant progress being made in the past decades mainly involving trifluoromethylalkenes, trifluoromethylated aromatic and alkyl compounds, among others.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Visible-light-promoted E-selective synthesis of α-fluoro-β-arylalkenyl sulfides via the deoxygenation/isomerization process

Yuxiu Li et al.

Summary: The regioselective synthesis of alpha-fluoro-beta-arylalkenyl sulfides using gem-difluoroalkenes and sodium sulfinates in a transition-metal-free manner was achieved in this study. Control experiments demonstrated thiol radicals and anions as the proposed intermediates, with regioselective Z -> E isomerization achieved under green light irradiation in the absence of a photoinitiator.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrophotocatalytic SNAr Reactions of Unactivated Aryl Fluorides at Ambient Temperature and Without Base

He Huang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Site-Selective C-H Functionalization via Synergistic Use of Electrochemistry and Transition Metal Catalysis

Ke-Jin Jiao et al.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synthetic Photoelectrochemistry

Joshua P. Barham et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Asymmetric Electrochemical Transformations

Xihao Chang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Visible-Light-Induced Selective Defluoroborylation of Polyfluoroarenes, gem-Difluoroalkenes, and Trifluoromethylalkenes

Wengang Xu et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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DNA-Encoded Library Screening as Core Platform Technology in Drug Discovery: Its Synthetic Method Development and Applications in DEL Synthesis

Minsoo Song et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Synthesis of Monofluoroalkenes through Visible-Light-Promoted Defluorinative Alkylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes with 4-Alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines

Hai-Wu Du et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2020)

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Visible-Light-Induced Deoxygenation/Defluorination Protocol for Synthesis of γ,γ-Difluoroallylic Ketones

Yuan-Qiang Guo et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2020)

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Photocatalytic C-F Bond Borylation of Polyfluoroarenes with NHC-boranes

Peng-Ju Xia et al.

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

New Visible-Light-Triggered Photocatalytic Trifluoromethylation Reactions of Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds and (Hetero)Aromatic Compounds

Sebastian Barata-Vallejo et al.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2020)

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Metabolic and Pharmaceutical Aspects of Fluorinated Compounds

Benjamin M. Johnson et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Organophotoredox Hydrodefluorination of Trifluoromethylarenes with Translational Applicability to Drug Discovery

Jeroen B. Sap et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Desymmetrization of difluoromethylene groups by C-F bond activation

Trevor W. Butcher et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Blue Light Promoted Difluoroalkylation of Aryl Ketones: Synthesis of Quaternary Alkyl Difluorides and Tetrasubstituted Monofluoroalkenes

Kangkui Li et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2020)

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Recent Advances in the Construction of Spiro Compounds via Radical Dearomatization

Wen-Chao Yang et al.

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Recent advances for the photoinduced C-C bond cleavage of cycloketone oximes

Wei Xiao et al.

CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS (2020)

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Photocatalytic radical defluoroalkylation of unactivated alkenes via distal heteroarylipso-migration

Xin Yuan et al.

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Defluorinative Functionalization of Pd(II) Fluoroalkyl Complexes

Michael M. Wade Wolfe et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Unactivated Fluoroarenes Enabled by Organic Photoredox Catalysis

Vincent A. Pistritto et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Direct Electrochemical Defluorinative Carboxylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes with Carbon Dioxide

Shi-Liang Xie et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2020)

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Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Sulfur-Containing Heterocycles Using Sulfur Atom as Radical Acceptors

Wenchao Yang et al.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Cleavage of C(sp3)-F Bonds in Trifluoromethylarenes Using a Bis(NHC)nickel(0) Complex

Hiroaki Iwamoto et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

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Direct electrochemical defluorinative carboxylation of α-CF3 alkenes with carbon dioxide

Xiao-Tong Gao et al.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2020)

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Chemistry of electrochemical oxidative reactions of sulfinate salts

Haibo Mei et al.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Promising reagents for difluoroalkylation

Dao-Qing Dong et al.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2020)

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Open-Air Alkylation Reactions in Photoredox-Catalyzed DNA-Encoded Library Synthesis

James P. Phelan et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent advances in new trifluoromethoxylation reagents

Xiaofei Zhang et al.

SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

α-Keto Acids: Acylating Agents in Organic Synthesis

Filipe Penteado et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Oxidative R1-H/R2-H Cross-Coupling with Hydrogen Evolution via Photo-/Electrochemistry

Huamin Wang et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Direct C-H Multifluoroarylation of Ethers through Hydrogen Atom Transfer Using Photoredox Catalysis

Junlei Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Visible-Light-Promoted Redox Neutral γ,γ-Difluoroallylation of Cycloketone Oxime Ethers with Trifluoromethyl Alkenes via C-C and C-F Bond Cleavage

Yuwei He et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Direct α-Monofluoroalkenylation of Heteroatomic Alkanes via a Combination of Photoredox Catalysis and Hydrogen-Atom-Transfer Catalysis

Hao Tian et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Photocatalytic, Phosphoranyl Radical-Mediated N-O Cleavage of Strained Cycloketone Oximes

Peng-Ju Xia et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Selective C-F Functionalization of Unactivated Trifluoromethylarenes

David B. Vogt et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2019)

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Chemistry with Electrochemically Generated N-Centered Radicals

Peng Xiong et al.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Applied

Aliphatic Aldehydes: Novel Radical Alkylating Reagents

Wen-Chao Yang et al.

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Visible light-driven organic photochemical synthesis in China

Yiyun Chen et al.

SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Metal-free defluorinative arylation of trifluoromethyl alkenes via photoredox catalysis

Rebecca J. Wiles et al.

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Visible-light-mediated defluorinative cross-coupling of gem-difluoroalkenes with thiols

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Organic photoredox catalytic decarboxylative cross-coupling of gem-difluoroalkenes with unactivated carboxylic acids

Hui Yang et al.

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Selective C-F bond carboxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with CO2 by photoredox/palladium dual catalysis

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Transition-Metal (Cu, Pd, Ni)-Catalyzed Difluoroalkylation via Cross-Coupling with Difluoroalkyl Halides

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Visible Light-Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Fluorinated Alkenes via C-F Bond Cleavage

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Article Chemistry, Organic

A photocatalytic decarboxylative/defluorinative [4+3] annulation of o-hydroxyphenylacetic acids and trifluoromethyl alkenes: synthesis of fluorinated dihydrobenzoxepines

Haoguo Chen et al.

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Selective Photocatalytic C-F Borylation of Polyfluoroarenes by Rh/Ni Dual Catalysis Providing Valuable Fluorinated Arylboronate Esters

Ya-Ming Tian et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2018)

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Highly tunable multi-borylation of gem-difluoroalkenes via copper catalysis

Jiefeng Hu et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Use of Electrochemistry in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Structures

Yangye Jiang et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

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