期刊
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
卷 53, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101332
关键词
Body temperature; Energy expenditure; Housing density; Sex differences; Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS3, BB3); Ambient temperature
资金
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [ZIA DK075057, ZIA DK075062, ZIA DK075063]
The study quantified the effects of housing density on mouse thermal physiology and found that single housing is more sensitive than group housing for detecting thermal physiology phenotypes. Single housing increases heat loss and amplifies the effects of fasting or a cold environment. Male and female mice utilize different thermoregulatory strategies to respond to single housing.
Objective: To improve understanding of mouse energy homeostasis and its applicability to humans, we quantitated the effects of housing density on mouse thermal physiology in both sexes. Methods: Littermate wild type and Brs3-null mice were single-or group-(three per cage) housed and studied by indirect calorimetry with continuous measurement of core body temperature, energy expenditure, physical activity, and food intake. Results: At 23 degrees C, below thermoneutrality, single-housed males had a lower body temperature and unchanged metabolic rate compared to group-housed controls. In contrast, single-housed females maintained a similar body temperature to group-housed controls by increasing their metabolic rate. With decreasing ambient temperature below 27 degrees C, only group-housed mice decreased their heat conductance, likely due to huddling, thus interfering with the energy expenditure vs ambient temperature relationship described by Scholander. In a hot environment (35 degrees C), the single-housed mice were less heat stressed. Upon fasting, single-housed mice had larger reductions in body temperature, with male mice having more torpor episodes of similar duration and female mice having a similar number of torpor episodes that lasted longer. Qualitatively, the effects of housing density on thermal physiology of Brs3-null mice generally mimicked the effects in controls. Conclusions: Single housing is more sensitive than group housing for detecting thermal physiology phenotypes. Single housing increases heat loss and amplifies the effects of fasting or a cold environment. Male and female mice utilize different thermoregulatory strategies to respond to single housing. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
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