期刊
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 54, 期 5, 页码 345-355出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2021.2018492
关键词
COVID-19; SARS CoV-2; the WHO classification; RBD-IgG antibodies; one-year follow-up; vaccination
资金
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine of University of Tartu
- Estonian Research Council [RITA2/126]
This study followed 123 COVID-19 patients for one year and found sustained antibody levels in moderate and severe patients after one year. Vaccination of patients with mild disease is important to raise antibody levels to a protective level.
Background Understanding the longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection is of utmost importance in predicting the further course of the pandemic and to plan vaccination strategies. Here we report a cohort of COVID-19 patients with different disease severities whose antibody dynamics we evaluated during one-year of follow-up. Methods We conducted a longitudinal study of 123 COVID-19 patients and 45 SARS CoV-2 negative outpatients with upper respiratory tract infection. We analyzed the demographic and clinical features of the patients with COVID-19 in relation to different disease severities according to the WHO classification. The antibody response was evaluated by a Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System (LIPS) assay at 3, 6, and 12 months after the acute infection. Results Amongst the enrolled COVID-19 patients, 15 (12%) had mild, 42 (34%) had moderate, 39 (32%) had severe and 27 (22%) had critical disease courses; 79% of the patients were hospitalized. During follow-up, all patients had anti-SARS RBD-IgG levels above the cut-off value on all visits, but the antibody levels varied significantly between the different disease severity groups. Between the six- and 12-month follow-up visits, 41% of patients were vaccinated, which enhanced their antibody levels significantly. Conclusion Our data demonstrate sustained antibody levels at one-year after moderate and severe COVID-19 infection. Vaccination of patients with the mild disease is important to raise the antibody levels to a protective level.
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