Mitochondrial Dysfunction Associates With Acute T Lymphocytopenia and Impaired Functionality in COVID-19 Patients

Article Immunology

Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variant-Associated Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Mutations on the Susceptibility to Serum Antibodies Elicited by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection or Vaccination

Lin-Lei Chen et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 variants P.3 and B.1.617.1 can evade neutralizing response from convalescent serum and vaccine-induced serum. The E484K mutation in the spike protein has the greatest impact on receptor binding domain binding.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Mitochondrial metabolic manipulation by SARS-CoV-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with COVID-19

Saima Ajaz et al.

Summary: Patients with COVID-19 show compromised mitochondrial function, metabolic alterations, increased inflammation, and severity of symptoms. Targeting mitochondrial metabolic pathways may help define novel treatment strategies for COVID-19.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Time-course analysis reveals that corticosteroids resuscitate diminished CD8+T cells in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

Fangzhou Ye et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of methylprednisolone and heparin on CD8+ T cells and D-dimer in COVID-19 patients, revealing that early low-dose corticosteroid treatment can accelerate the recovery of CD8+ T cells.

ANNALS OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Saliva viral load better correlates with clinical and immunological profiles in children with coronavirus disease 2019

Gilbert T. Chua et al.

Summary: The study found that saliva viral loads in pediatric COVID-19 patients correlated better with clinical and immunological profiles than nasopharyngeal swabs.

EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Severely ill COVID-19 patients display impaired exhaustion features in SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8(+) T cells

Anthony Kusnadi et al.

Summary: CD8(+) T cells in COVID-19 patients exhibit two distinct states – exhausted and non-exhausted, with non-exhausted cells in severe cases showing enhanced memory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Discovery and functional interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-host protein interactions

Ryan A. Flynn et al.

Summary: The study identified host proteins that bind to SARS-CoV-2 RNA and protect the host from virus-induced cell death. It also found a physical and functional connection between SARS-CoV-2 and mitochondria, highlighting the organelle as a general platform for antiviral activity.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants escape neutralization by vaccine-induced humoral immunity

Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.

Summary: New variants of SARS-CoV-2 show high resistance to vaccine neutralization, with some able to escape vaccine responses with just a few mutations, highlighting the importance of developing broadly protective measures against variants.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Evidence of escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 from natural and vaccine-induced sera

Daming Zhou et al.

Summary: The race to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1, is ongoing as these variants have mutations in the spike protein, potentially leading to immune escape. A structure-function analysis of B.1.351 revealed tighter ACE2 binding and widespread evasion from monoclonal antibody neutralization, particularly driven by the E484K mutation.

CELL (2021)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

Mitochondrial dysfunction defines T cell exhaustion

Gonzalo Soto-Heredero et al.

Summary: The research indicates that continuous antigen stimulation and severe hypoxic conditions can lead to T cell exhaustion, thereby losing their anticancer effects.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Metabolic programs define dysfunctional immune responses in severe COVID-19 patients

Elizabeth A. Thompson et al.

Summary: The study identifies a unique population of T cells expressing increased VDAC1 in severe and recovered COVID-19 patients, associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Additionally, specific metabolic phenotypes of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in COVID-19 patients can distinguish between severe and mild disease. These findings offer insight into dysfunctional immune response in COVID-19 patients and potential for developing personalized therapeutic approaches.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Attenuation of 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced oxiapoptophagy by nutrients, synthetic molecules and oils: Potential for the prevention of age-related diseases

T. Nury et al.

Summary: Age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and eye disorders are associated with increased levels of cholesterol derivatives, specifically 7-ketocholesterol and 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol, which may lead to cell death. Understanding the signaling pathways associated with the toxicity of these oxysterols is essential for identifying pharmacological targets, nutrients, and synthetic molecules that can attenuate or inhibit their cytotoxic activities to potentially treat these diseases.

AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Metabolic Defects of Peripheral T Cells in COVID-19 Patients

Xiaoju Liu et al.

Summary: The study revealed that COVID-19 patients exhibit impaired mitochondrial metabolic functions in T cells, and metabolic reprogramming upon activation may contribute to immune deficiency in COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Distinct Mitochondria-Mediated T-Cell Apoptosis Responses in Children and Adults With Coronavirus Disease 2019

Yang Yang et al.

Summary: The apoptosis of peripheral T cells in COVID-19 adult patients was identified to cause mitochondrial apoptosis, induced by elevated tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels in COVID-19 plasma, leading to DNA damage. In contrast, child T cells showed tolerance to mitochondrial apoptosis due to mitochondria autophagy, indicating a difference in response mechanisms between adults and children infected with SARS-CoV-2.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Protective reactive thymus hyperplasia in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome

Pelagia Cuvelier et al.

Summary: Thymus enlargement was common in COVID patients and associated with increased T lymphocyte production, which seems to be a beneficial adaptation to virus-induced lymphopaenia. The lack of thymic activity/reactivation in older SARS-CoV-2 infected patients could contribute to a worse prognosis.

CRITICAL CARE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Mitochondrial mass governs the extent of human T cell senescence

Lauren A. Callender et al.

AGING CELL (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

W. Guan et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany

Camilla Rothe et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

Na Zhu et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals

Alba Grifoni et al.

CELL (2020)

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Letter Respiratory System

Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2: a prospective cohort study

Rong-Hui Du et al.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Immunology

Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Humoral and Cellular Immunity in COVID-19 Convalescent Individuals

Ling Ni et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Suppressed T cell-mediated immunity in patients with COVID-19: A clinical retrospective study in Wuhan, China

Bo XU et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China

Jun Chen et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study

Kelvin Kai-Wang To et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Article Immunology

Reduction and Functional Exhaustion of T Cells in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Bo Diao et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Viral and host factors related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19

Xiaonan Zhang et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Gender Differences in Patients With COVID-19: Focus on Severity and Mortality

Jian-Min Jin et al.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

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Article Immunology

Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection Impairs Dendritic Cell and T Cell Responses

Runhong Zhou et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

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Article Immunology

Phenotype and kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Daniela Weiskopf et al.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Clinical and pathological investigation of patients with severe COVID-19

Shaohua Li et al.

JCI INSIGHT (2020)

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Is Higher Viral Load in SARS-CoV-2 Associated with Death?

Klinger Soares Faico-Filho et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Altered bioenergetics and mitochondrial dysfunction of monocytes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

Lara Gibellini et al.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Immunology

Low-Avidity CD4+ T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Unexposed Individuals and Humans with Severe COVID-19

Petra Bacher et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

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Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission

Hannah Peckham et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Comparative Multiplexed Interactomics of SARS-CoV-2 and Homologous Coronavirus Nonstructural Proteins Identifies Unique and Shared Host-Cell Dependencies

Jonathan P. Davies et al.

ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Reversible disruption of thymic function by steroid treatment

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction Associates With Acute T Lymphocytopenia and Impaired Functionality in COVID-19 Patients

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