期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849140
关键词
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; necrotizing ulcerative colitis; cytotoxic immune cells; PD-1; PD-L1 axis
类别
资金
- AIRC [26037]
- FIRC-AIRC fellowship for Italy
- Italian Ministry of Health
- Compagnia di San Paolo [2019.866]
- Roche per la Ricerca 2017
We present a case of inflammatory colitis resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to the death of a patient with no additional co-morbidity within three weeks of hospitalization. Our findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause immunological alterations, with increased expression of the inhibitory checkpoint PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 in inflamed mucosal tissue. The presence of the virus in colon tissue was confirmed, and the altered expression of PD-1/PD-L1 indicates a potential link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and an aberrant autoinflammatory response, contributing to early mortality.
We report a case of inflammatory colitis after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient with no additional co-morbidity who died within three weeks of hospitalization. As it is becoming increasingly clear that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause immunological alterations, we investigated the expression of the inhibitory checkpoint PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 to explore the potential role of this axis in the break of self-tolerance. The presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in colon tissue was demonstrated by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical localization of the nucleocapsid protein. Expression of lymphocyte markers, PD-1, and PD-L1 in colon tissue was investigated by IHC. SARS-CoV-2-immunoreactive cells were detected both in the ulcerated and non-ulcerated mucosal areas. Compared to healthy tissue, where PD-1 is weakly expressed and PD-L1 is absent, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression appears in the inflamed mucosal tissue, as expected, but was mainly confined to non-ulcerative areas. At the same time, these markers were virtually undetectable in areas of mucosal ulceration. Our data show an alteration of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and suggest a link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and an aberrant autoinflammatory response due to concomitant breakdown of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction leading to early death of the patient.
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