4.0 Article

Multiple Factors Affecting the Historical Development of Agriculture in the Hei River Basin, Northwestern China

期刊

ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14614103.2022.2031837

关键词

Hei River Basin; historical period; macrofossil analysis; agricultural development; technological innovations; migration

资金

  1. National key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0606402]
  2. Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program [2019QZKK0601]
  3. National Natural Science Foundation of China [41901090, 41825001]
  4. Major project of China's National Social Science Fund [2018ZDA323]

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The study reveals the important role of social factors and technological innovations in the shift from mixed-crop farming to the cultivation of barley and wheat in the Hei River Basin during the historical period.
The history of agricultural development is of great importance to understanding the evolution of human societies. In this respect, one important location is the Hei River Basin (HRB), an ecotone in northwestern China where prehistoric patterns of cultivation are known to have changed significantly. To identify the factors behind the subsequent development of agriculture in the HRB in the historical period, a hitherto under-researched topic, we employed paleoclimate records, historical documents, radiocarbon dating, and archaeobotanical analyses from seven ancient cities and one large settlement. The results demonstrated a shift from mixed-crop farming to the cultivation of (mainly) barley and wheat during the Wei, Jin Northern and Southern dynasties, Song-Yuan and early Ming period, with the latter crop increasingly predominant. Technological innovations and increased labour power brought about by external population migration resulting from geopolitical changes in northern China were likely responsible for the shift in crop cultivation in the HRB, rather than climate change. This study provides important archaeobotanical evidence for the agricultural development of the HRB over the historical period and highlights multiple factors that seem to have influenced the evolution of agriculture in the region.

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