SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Induces Acute Kidney Injury via Smad3-Dependent G1 Cell Cycle Arrest Mechanism

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Association of liver steatosis and fibrosis with clinical outcomes in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)

Ivan Lopez-Mendez et al.

Summary: Liver function abnormalities are common in COVID-19 patients, with a high prevalence of liver steatosis and significant fibrosis, although they are not significantly associated with clinical outcomes.

ANNALS OF HEPATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

AKI in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Lili Chan et al.

Summary: The study found that AKI is common among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the United States, with a 46% occurrence rate and 19% of patients requiring dialysis. Independently predicting severe AKI were chronic kidney disease, male gender, and higher serum potassium levels at admission. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with AKI compared to those without AKI, with only 30% of AKI patients recovering kidney function by the time of discharge.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Multi-organ proteomic landscape of COVID-19 autopsies

Xiu Nie et al.

Summary: This study used proteomic analysis to reveal the molecular mechanisms of multi-organ injuries in COVID-19 patients. The data showed significant upregulation of cathepsin L1 in the lung, instead of ACE2. Systemic hyperinflammation, dysregulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism were detected in multiple organs.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cytokine profile and disease severity in patients with COVID-19

Ali Ghazavi et al.

Summary: Cytokine dysregulation is proposed as the mechanism for COVID-19. This study evaluated serum cytokines levels in COVID-19 patients, finding elevated levels of IFN-gamma, TGF-beta, IL-17, and IL-8 compared to the control group, with significant differences in TGF-beta levels between mild and severe groups, and no significant differences in IL-5 and IL-9 levels.

CYTOKINE (2021)

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Article Virology

SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Interacts with RIG-I and Represses RIG-Mediated IFN-beta Production

Keli Chen et al.

Summary: The nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role in inhibiting interferon beta production by interacting with the key component RIG-I in the RNA recognition pathway, potentially affecting the host's immune response.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Acute kidney damage in COVID-19 patients

Natalia Chebotareva et al.

Summary: Kidney damage in COVID-19 presents in various ways, with acute kidney injury (AKI) significantly worsening prognosis in severe cases. The damage may be caused directly by the virus or indirectly through immune response and hypercoagulation. Other factors like hypovolemia and hypoxia can also contribute to AKI.

CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Human kidney is a target for novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

Bo Diao et al.

Summary: It has been found that SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect human kidneys, leading to tubular pathogenesis and acute kidney injury (AKI). Elderly patients and those with comorbidities like hypertension and heart failure are more susceptible to AKI.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

High SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Urine Sediment Correlates with Acute Kidney Injury and Poor COVID-19 Outcome

Paulo S. Caceres et al.

Summary: This study found that an increased viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in urine sediments from patients with COVID-19 is associated with a higher incidence of AKI and mortality.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 N protein promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation to induce hyperinflammation

Pan Pan et al.

Summary: This study reveals a unique mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 N protein promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to excessive inflammatory responses. The interaction between N protein and NLRP3 enhances the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome by facilitating binding with ASC.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

SARS-CoV-2 Causes Acute Kidney Injury by Directly Infecting Renal Tubules

Zhaohui Chen et al.

Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Research found that SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein was detected in renal tubular cells expressing ACE2(+) or TMPRSS2(+), suggesting that AKI mainly occurs in the renal distal tubular cells. Cohort analysis of 722 COVID-19 patients showed a significant association between AKI and severe disease stages and poor prognosis. The progressive increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels during the course of COVID-19 indicates worsening patient condition.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Urinary Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Associate With Risk of AKI and COVID-19 Severity: A Single-Center Observational Study

Desiree Tampe et al.

Summary: Urinary SARS-CoV-2 N levels are associated with the risk of AKI in COVID-19 and correlate with disease severity, while urinary ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are not correlated with AKI in COVID-19.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Anatomy & Morphology

Identification of Immunohistochemical Reagents for In Situ Protein Expression Analysis of Coronavirus-associated Changes in Human Tissues

Matthias Szabolcs et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the suitability of commercially available monoclonal antibodies for immunohistochemical detection of SARS-CoV2 in standard archival specimens. Out of the 7 antibodies tested, only clones 001 and 1A9 exhibited specific immunoreactivity to the viral proteins, proving useful for in situ detection of SARS-CoV2.

APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Inflammatory stress in SARS-COV-2 associated Acute Kidney Injury

Junzhe Chen et al.

Summary: Risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients include older age, severity of infection, ethnicity, and medical history, with inflammation potentially playing a key role in the pathogenesis of AKI. Targeting inflammatory molecules and pathways may represent novel therapies for AKI in COVID-19 patients.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Genomic Perspective on the Origin and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2

Yong-Zhen Zhang et al.

CELL (2020)

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Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Engineered Human Tissues Using Clinical-Grade Soluble Human ACE2

Vanessa Monteil et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Microbiology

A Sequence Homology and Bioinformatic Approach Can Predict Candidate Targets for Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2

Alba Grifoni et al.

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Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Zhe Xu et al.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area

Safiya Richardson et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19

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SCIENCE (2020)

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Renal Involvement and Early Prognosis in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2020)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19

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KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Jamie S. Hirsch et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Renal histopathological analysis of 26 postmortem findings of patients with COVID-19 in China

Hua Su et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression

Puja Mehta et al.

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Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein RNA binding domain reveals potential unique drug targeting sites

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Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2

Jian Shang et al.

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Kidney involvement in COVID-19 and rationale for extracorporeal therapies

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COVID-19: The Potential Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human kidney reveals the presence of ACE2 receptor: A potential pathway of COVID-19 infection

Qiyu He et al.

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Histopathology and ultrastructural findings of fatal COVID-19 infections in Washington State: a case series

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Clinicopathological Features and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill COVID-19 with Prolonged Disease Course: A Retrospective Cohort

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SARS-CoV-2 renal tropism associates with acute kidney injury

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LRNA9884, a Novel Smad3-Dependent Long Noncoding RNA, Promotes Diabetic Kidney Injury in db/db Mice via Enhancing MCP-1-Dependent Renal Inflammation

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus nucleocapsid protein interacts with Smad3 and modulates transforming growth factor-β signaling

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SARS-CoV-2 N Protein Induces Acute Kidney Injury via Smad3-Dependent G1 Cell Cycle Arrest Mechanism

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