Evaluation of Bio-detoxification of Jatropha curcas Seed Cake and Cottonseed Cake by Basidiomycetes: Nutritional and Antioxidant Effects

Poultry and swine are the major proportion of the livestock industry in terms of output value. To meet the growing need for protein sources in these sectors, the use of biomasses coming from agro-industrial residues can be an interesting option in the future years. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of seven basidiomycetes to grow, detoxicate, increase protein content, and its antioxidant activity when grew in pure Jatropha seed cake (JSC) and cottonseed cake (CSC) biomasses and mixtures containing 50% of lignocellulosic biomasses from coconut husks and Acrocomia aculeata (macauba cake). Results showed that five basidiomycetes were able to grow in these substrates. F. hepatica, P. lecomtei, and P. pulmonarius presented the highest bio-detoxification capacity. All treatments showed a reduction in total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, but treatments with coconut husks showed lower reductions. Results also indicated that there were molecules produced by basidiomycetes responsible for antioxidant activity other than phenolic compounds. These results indicated that basidiomycetes could detoxify JCS and CSC biomasses, suggesting their possible use in animal feed and that the addition of coconut husks in JSC and macauba cake in cottonseed cake could promote greater colonization by fungi. [GRAPHICS] .

Automated summary

This study evaluated the growth capacity of seven basidiomycetes in different biomass substrates and their effects on protein content and antioxidant activity. Results showed that several basidiomycetes were able to grow in the substrates and had detoxification and protein enhancement capabilities. These findings suggest the potential use of basidiomycetes in detoxifying JCS and CSC biomasses for animal feed applications.