期刊
NANOMATERIALS
卷 12, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano12010009
关键词
carbon nanotube; plastic; chemical recycling; life cycle assessment; ethernet; circular economy; data transmission; carbon footprint
类别
资金
- Ser Cymru II Fellowship by the Welsh Government
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
- Welsh Government Circular Economy Capital Fund FY 2020-21
- Copper Nanotube Ultraconductive (UCC) wire project by Ser Cymru National Research Network for Advanced Engineering and Materials (NRN)
- Swansea Employability Academy (SEA)
- Welsh Government by Welsh Government's European Social Fund (ESF) convergence programme forWestWales and the Valleys
- TRIMTABS Ltd.
- Salts Healthcare Ltd.
- EPSRC [EP/S001336/1, EP/M028267/1]
- Swansea University Texas Strategic Partnership
- European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government [80708]
- Welsh Government's Ser Cymru program
- KESS2
The study demonstrates that carbon recovery from polystyrene plastic can be enhanced by the addition of solvents in the process of growing carbon nanotubes using liquid injection chemical vapour deposition.
For every three people on the planet, there are approximately two Tonnes (Te) of plastic waste. We show that carbon recovery from polystyrene (PS) plastic is enhanced by the coaddition of solvents to grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by liquid injection chemical vapour deposition. Polystyrene was loaded up to 4 wt% in toluene and heated to 780 degrees C in the presence of a ferrocene catalyst and a hydrogen/argon carrier gas at a 1:19 ratio. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The PS addition in the range from 0 to 4 wt% showed improved quality and CNT homogeneity; Raman Graphitic/Defective (G/D) values increased from 1.9 to 2.3; mean CNT diameters increased from 43.0 to 49.2 nm; and maximum CNT yield increased from 11.37% to 14.31%. Since both the CNT diameters and the percentage yield increased following the addition of polystyrene, we conclude that carbon from PS contributes to the carbon within the MWCNTs. The electrical contact resistance of acid-washed Bucky papers produced from each loading ranged from 2.2 to 4.4 Ohm, with no direct correlation to PS loading. Due to this narrow range, materials with different loadings were mixed to create the six wires of an Ethernet cable and tested using iPerf3; the cable achieved up- and down- link speeds of ~99.5 Mbps, i.e., comparable to Cu wire with the same dimensions (~99.5 Mbps). The lifecycle assessment (LCA) of CNT wire production was compared to copper wire production for a use case in a Boeing 747-400 over the lifespan of the aircraft. Due to their lightweight nature, the CNT wires decreased the CO2 footprint by 21 kTonnes (kTe) over the aircraft's lifespan.
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