期刊
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
卷 15, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.751730
关键词
sleep disordered breathing; sleep apnea; insomnia; circadian rhythm; polysomnography; signal processing; apnea; hypopnea index; precision medicine
资金
- Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award [DE180100022]
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia Career Development Fellowship [1159499]
- NHMRC of Australia [1116942, 1196261]
- Nick Antic Sleep Research Scholarship from Flinders Foundation
- Australian Research Council [DE180100022] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1159499, 1116942, 1196261] Funding Source: NHMRC
Current approaches to quantify and diagnose sleep disorders and circadian rhythm disruption are imprecise and laborious. Newer emerging approaches aim to overcome these constraints and better align diagnostic and treatment approaches to underlying pathology. This includes more advanced EEG signal feature detection and novel oxygenation metrics to capture hypoxia more accurately.
Current approaches to quantify and diagnose sleep disorders and circadian rhythm disruption are imprecise, laborious, and often do not relate well to key clinical and health outcomes. Newer emerging approaches that aim to overcome the practical and technical constraints of current sleep metrics have considerable potential to better explain sleep disorder pathophysiology and thus to more precisely align diagnostic, treatment and management approaches to underlying pathology. These include more fine-grained and continuous EEG signal feature detection and novel oxygenation metrics to better encapsulate hypoxia duration, frequency, and magnitude readily possible via more advanced data acquisition and scoring algorithm approaches. Recent technological advances may also soon facilitate simple assessment of circadian rhythm physiology at home to enable sleep disorder diagnostics even for non-circadian rhythm sleep disorders, such as chronic insomnia and sleep apnea, which in many cases also include a circadian disruption component. Bringing these novel approaches into the clinic and the home settings should be a priority for the field. Modern sleep tracking technology can also further facilitate the transition of sleep diagnostics from the laboratory to the home, where environmental factors such as noise and light could usefully inform clinical decision-making. The endpoint of these new and emerging assessments will be better targeted therapies that directly address underlying sleep disorder pathophysiology via an individualized, precision medicine approach. This review outlines the current state-of-the-art in sleep and circadian monitoring and diagnostics and covers several new and emerging approaches to better define sleep disruption and its consequences.
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