期刊
CANCER MEDICINE
卷 11, 期 2, 页码 447-478出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4447
关键词
Barrett's esophagus; epigenetic changes; esophageal cancer; molecular pathways; oncotransformation; preventative targets
类别
Barrett's esophagus is a chronic and widespread disease that can progress to neoplastic transformation, which is often overlooked due to lack of standardized approaches in diagnosis. Research suggests that molecular, genetic, and epigenetic alterations in the esophagus occur earlier than cancerous transformation, providing insight into potential preventative strategies.
Barrett's esophagus is a widespread chronically progressing disease of heterogeneous nature. A life threatening complication of this condition is neoplastic transformation, which is often overlooked due to lack of standardized approaches in diagnosis, preventative measures and treatment. In this essay, we aim to stratify existing data to show specific associations between neoplastic transformation and the underlying processes which predate cancerous transition. We discuss pathomorphological, genetic, epigenetic, molecular and immunohistochemical methods related to neoplasia detection on the basis of Barrett's esophagus. Our review sheds light on pathways of such neoplastic progression in the distal esophagus, providing valuable insight into progression assessment, preventative targets and treatment modalities. Our results suggest that molecular, genetic and epigenetic alterations in the esophagus arise earlier than cancerous transformation, meaning the discussed targets can help form preventative strategies in at-risk patient groups.
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