Emerging Fatal Ib/CC12 Hypervirulent Multiresistant Streptococcus agalactiae in Young Infants With Bloodstream Infection in China

Article Immunology

Antibiotic resistance in neonates in China 2012-2019: A multicenter study

Jintong Tan et al.

Summary: The prevalence of antibiotic resistance is high in neonates with invasive bacterial infections in China, although there has been a favorable declining trend in recent years.

JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Carbapenem Resistance-Encodinc and Virulence-Encoding Conjugative Plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Xuemei Yang et al.

Summary: This review examines the key evolutionary routes of plasmids involved in disseminating exogenous resistance and hypervirulence-encoding genetic elements in Klebsiella pneumoniae. It identifies diverse but convergent paths that led to the emergence of conjugative plasmids encoding both carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence. An important evolutionary feature is the presence of transposable elements enabling frequent genetic transposition, fusion, and enhanced adaptation to bacterial hosts. Identification of key molecular markers on these plasmids improves tracking and control of life-threatening strains of K. pneumoniae.

TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Group B streptococcus vaccines: one step further

Reinhard Berner

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Therapeutic development of group B Streptococcus meningitis by targeting a host cell signaling network involving EGFR

Ningyu Zhu et al.

Summary: The study showed that Group B Streptococcus penetrates into the brain through meningeal and cortex capillaries and exploits a host cell signaling network. Targeting S1P(2), EGFR, and CysLT1 through pharmacological inhibition, gene knockout, and other methods can improve the outcome of animals with GBS meningitis. Investigating GBS penetration of the blood-brain barrier provides a novel approach for therapeutic development of GBS meningitis.

EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Impact of late-onset group B streptococcus infection on families: An observational study

Grace Raybould et al.

Summary: This study investigated the impact of late-onset group B Strep (LOGBS) infection on parents and families, finding that many families experienced significant financial and psychological difficulties after the infection. Furthermore, the study indicated that information needs of the families are frequently left unmet.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Epidemiology and Trends of Infective Meningitis in Neonates and Infants Less than 3 Months Old in Hong Kong

Chi Hang Wong et al.

Summary: This study investigated pathogens, antibiotic resistance, and the change in incidence of neonatal and young infant meningitis in Hong Kong. The results showed that Group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli were the most common bacterial pathogens, with a decrease in early-onset GBS meningitis rates attributed to universal screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. Antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains causing meningitis require further attention in clinical and public health settings.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in group B streptococcus from clinical samples

Raymond Mudzana et al.

Summary: This study identified multiple virulence genes and high levels of antibiotic resistance in GBS isolated from pregnant women, with tetracycline and macrolide resistance being notable. Monitoring and susceptibility testing for GBS are important due to the presence of multidrug-resistant strains.

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Prevalence, population structure, distribution of serotypes, pilus islands and resistance genes among erythromycin-resistant colonizing and invasive Streptococcus agalactiae isolates recovered from pregnant and non-pregnant women in Isfahan, Iran

Tahereh Motallebirad et al.

Summary: The study revealed a concerning high prevalence of erythromycin-resistant GBS in Iran, as well as the dissemination of the ST-335/CPS-III clone associated with tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in the region. The distribution of capsular and pilus genotypes varies between invasive and colonizing GBS, which could aid in vaccine development.

BMC MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Should all pregnant women be offered testing for group B streptococcus?

Kate F. Walker et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Immunology

Emergence of Invasive Serotype Ib Sequence Type 10 Group B Streptococcus Disease in Chinese Infants Is Driven by a Tetracycline-Sensitive Clone

Li Zhang et al.

Summary: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious infections in infants. The ST10 strain, particularly type Ib/ST10, is responsible for a significant proportion of infant invasive GBS infections in China, leading to serious clinical complications. Continued monitoring and research on this microbiological strain is crucial for understanding and addressing the ongoing emergence of multi-drug resistant GBS isolates.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pediatrics

Early-Onset Sepsis in Neonates-A Population-Based Study in South-West Norway From 1996 to 2018

Anlaug Vatne et al.

Summary: Over a 23-year period, Group B streptococcus (GBS) was the most common causative pathogen in EOS, but E. coli was more common in infants with gestational age <28 weeks. There was no change in the overall incidence of EOS during the entire study period. The current empiric regimen with benzylpenicillin and gentamicin provides a very high coverage for EOS in this setting.

FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS (2021)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Functional Study of the Type II-A CRISPR-Cas System of Streptococcus agalactiae Hypervirulent Strains

Adeline Pastuszka et al.

Summary: This study found that the CRISPR-Cas system in the hypervirulent ST17 strains of S. agalactiae has significantly fewer spacers, possibly due to a large deletion in the cas promoter region. Despite the absence of a regular cas promoter, the CRISPR-Cas system in ST17 strains can still function in interference and acquire new spacers. The promoter sequence upstream of srn036 was identified to be responsible for the CRISPR-Cas adaptation and interference activities in ST17 strains.

CRISPR JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Microbiology