Perspective: Vegan Diets for Older Adults? A Perspective On the Potential Impact On Muscle Mass and Strength

Consumers are increasingly encouraged to consume more plant-based foods and lower their consumption of foods from animal origin. Concurrently, older adults are recommended to consume an adequate amount of high-quality dietary protein for the prevention of age-related muscle loss. In the current Perspective article, we discuss why it may not be preferred to consume a vegan diet at an older age. Our perspective is based on the proposed lower bioavailability and functionality of proteins in a vegan diet due to the matrix of the whole-food protein sources, the lower essential amino acid (EAA) content, and specific EAA deficiencies in proteins derived from plant-based foods. We propose that a vegan diet increases the risk of an inadequate protein intake at an older age and that current strategies to improve the anabolic properties of plant-based foods are not feasible for many older adults. We provide recommendations for further research to substantiate the remaining knowledge gaps regarding the consequences of a vegan diet on skeletal muscle mass and strength at an older age. Statement of Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first article that provides an evidence-based perspective regarding the potential impact of a vegan diet on muscle mass and strength in older adults. The current perspective is highly relevant considering the envisaged shifts towards sustainable dietary guidelines.

Automated summary

This article discusses the potential issues that older adults may face when adopting a vegan diet, including lower protein bioavailability and functionality, and inadequate essential amino acid content. The authors suggest that a vegan diet may increase the risk of inadequate protein intake in older adults and provide recommendations for further research.