Hydrogen Sulfide: An Emerging Precision Strategy for Gas Therapy

Advances in nanotechnology have enabled the rapid development of stimuli-responsive therapeutic nanomaterials for precision gas therapy. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a significant gaseous signaling molecule with intrinsic biochemical properties, which exerts its various physiological effects under both normal and pathological conditions. Various nanomaterials with H2S-responsive properties, as new-generation therapeutic agents, are explored to guide therapeutic behaviors in biological milieu. The cross disciplinary of H2S is an emerging scientific hotspot that studies the chemical properties, biological mechanisms, and therapeutic effects of H2S. This review summarizes the state-of-art research on H2S-related nanomedicines. In particular, recent advances in H2S therapeutics for cancer, such as H2S-mediated gas therapy and H2S-related synergistic therapies (combined with chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and chemodynamic therapy) are highlighted. Versatile imaging techniques for real-time monitoring H2S during biological diagnosis are reviewed. Finally, the biosafety issues, current challenges, and potential possibilities in the evolution of H2S-based therapy that facilitate clinical translation to patients are discussed.

Automated summary

Advances in nanotechnology have led to the rapid development of therapeutic nanomaterials for gas therapy, particularly with H2S-responsive properties. The interdisciplinary study of H2S is a scientific hotspot exploring its chemical properties, biological mechanisms, and therapeutic effects, showcasing potential for treating diseases in biological systems.