Correlates of neutralizing/SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding antibody response with adverse effects and immune kinetics in BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

Merryn Voysey et al.

Summary: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine has been shown to have an acceptable safety profile and effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19, with higher efficacy observed in the group that received a low dose followed by a standard dose.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine up to 6 months in a large integrated health system in the USA: a retrospective cohort study

Sara Y. Tartof et al.

Summary: This study aimed to assess the overall and variant-specific effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19-related hospital admissions among members of a healthcare system in California. The effectiveness of the vaccine remained high against hospital admissions even up to 6 months after full vaccination, despite a decline in effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infections over time, which was likely due to waning immunity rather than the delta variant escaping vaccine protection.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a pooled analysis of four randomised trials

Merryn Voysey et al.

Summary: The AZD1222 vaccine has been approved for emergency use in the UK with an interval of 4-12 weeks between doses. Analysis shows that the vaccine is efficacious with two doses and provides immunoprotection after the first dose before the second dose is administered.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 spike 69/70 deletion, E484K and N501Y variants by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited sera

Xuping Xie et al.

Summary: The study found that human sera from recipients of the BNT162b2 vaccine can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 viruses containing key spike mutations from the newly emerged UK and SA variants.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A novel highly quantitative and reproducible assay for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies

Kenta Noda et al.

Summary: A new diagnostic test has been developed to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with high accuracy and reproducibility. The test system showed high performance in detecting antibody levels in infected patients and may help in analyzing the immunological response to the virus and vaccine effectiveness.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 with IgG from COVID-19-convalescent plasma

Kenji Maeda et al.

Summary: This study found that approximately 62.8% of COVID-19 convalescent patients had significant neutralizing activity in their plasma, inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection, while around 37.2% did not show neutralizing activity. Patients' neutralizing activity declined rapidly, but SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding antibodies remained consistently present.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Ongoing and future COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials: challenges and opportunities

Rafael Dal-Re et al.

Summary: The large-scale deployment of COVID-19 vaccines may disrupt ongoing vaccine trials, with high-income countries potentially completing vaccinations by the end of 2021, while low-income countries may have limited access. Research on vaccine effectiveness in resource-limited areas should continue, following ethical principles.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Escape of SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 from neutralization by convalescent plasma

Sandile Cele et al.

Summary: The study compared the neutralization of non-VOC and 501Y.V2 VOC variants using plasma from COVID-19 patients in South Africa. It found that plasma from individuals infected during the first wave effectively neutralized the first-wave virus variant, while plasma from those infected in the second wave effectively neutralized the 501Y.V2 variant.

NATURE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Antibody Persistence through 6 Months after the Second Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine for Covid-19

Nicole Doria-Rose et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant

V. Shinde et al.

Summary: The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine showed efficacy in preventing Covid-19, with higher vaccine efficacy observed among HIV-negative participants. Most infections were caused by the B.1.351 variant.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs B.1.617.2 and B.1.351 by BNT162b2 vaccination

Emma C. Wall et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization

Delphine Planas et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Delta variant, first identified in India in 2020, has become dominant in some regions and is spreading to many countries. This variant shows resistance to certain monoclonal antibodies and antibodies in convalescent sera, as well as reduced neutralization by some COVID-19 vaccines. Administration of two doses of the vaccine is needed for a neutralizing response against the Delta variant.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce persistent human germinal centre responses

Jackson S. Turner et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce a persistent germinal centre B cell response in humans, leading to the generation of robust humoral immunity, especially more significant in individuals previously infected with the virus.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8+ T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine

Valerie Oberhardt et al.

Summary: After vaccination, CD8(+) T cells become important effector cells in providing early protection, being effectively mobilized one week after primary vaccination and maintaining stability after booster vaccination. Compared with natural infection, vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells exhibit similar functional capacities but with a different subset distribution.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine

Paul T. Heath et al.

Summary: The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine demonstrated an efficacy of 89.7% in a phase 3 trial with over 15,000 participants, with mild and transient reactogenicity. It showed high efficacy against the B.1.1.7 variant and a low incidence of adverse events.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal