期刊
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICAL SCIENCES
卷 21, 期 2, 页码 354-364出版社
JPN SOC MAGNETIC RESONANCE MEDICINE
DOI: 10.2463/mrms.rev.2021-0156
关键词
abdominal aortic aneurysm; 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging; oscillatory shear index; phase-contrast image; wall shear stress
Blood vessels are autonomous organs that can sense and regulate blood flow velocity and turbulence. Understanding abdominal aortic hemodynamics is crucial for disease diagnosis and interventions. 4D flow MRI is beneficial for measuring and assessing hemodynamics.
Blood vessels can be regarded as autonomous organs. The endothelial cells on the vessel surface serve as mechanosensors or mechanoreceptors for the flow velocity and turbulence of the blood flow in terms of wall shear stress (WSS), thereby monitoring changes in the flow velocity. Accordingly, the endothelial cells regulate the flow velocity by releasing numerous mediators. Such regulatory systems also trigger athero-sclerosis, where the WSS decreases or fluctuates to maintain the flow velocity or local WSS. As occurrences of abdominal aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection are closely related to atherosclerosis, understanding the hemodynamics of the abdominal aorta is necessary to obtain useful information concerning the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and interventions. 4D flow MRI is beneficial for measuring the hemodynamics through compre-hensive retrospective flowmetry of the entire spatio-temporal distributions of the flow vectors. This section focuses on abdominal aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection as representative examples of abdominal aortic diseases. Their hemodynamic characteristics and how hemodynamics is involved in their progression are described, and how 4D flow MRI can contribute to their assessment is also explained.
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