Topographic signatures and manipulations of Fe atoms, CO molecules and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111)

Topological superconductivity emerging in one-or two-dimensional hybrid materials is predicted as a key ingredient for quantum computing. However, not only the design of complex heterostructures is primordial for future applications but also the characteriza-tion of their electronic and structural properties at the atomic scale using the most advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques with functionalized tips. We report on the topographic signatures observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of carbon monoxide (CO) molecules, iron (Fe) atoms and sodium chloride (NaCl) islands deposited on superconducting Pb(111). For the CO adsorption a comparison with the Pb(110) substrate is demonstrated. We show a general propensity of these adsorbates to diffuse at low temperature under gentle scanning conditions. Our findings provide new insights into high-resolution probe microscopy imaging with terminated tips, decoupling atoms and molecules by NaCl islands or tip-induced lateral manipulation of iron atoms on top of the prototypical Pb(111) superconducting surface.

Automated summary

Topological superconductivity in one-or two-dimensional hybrid materials is predicted as crucial for quantum computing. The design of complex heterostructures and characterization of their properties at atomic scale using advanced scanning probe microscopy with functionalized tips are important for future applications. This study reports on the topographic signatures observed by scanning tunneling microscopy of CO molecules, Fe atoms and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111).