4.8 Article

Topoisomerase I (TOP1) dynamics: conformational transition from open to closed states

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 13, 期 1, 页码 -

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NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27686-7

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  1. European Research Council (ERC)
  2. European Union [340440]
  3. l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ESSPOIR ANR-17-CE12-0032]
  4. Institut Pasteur (Paris)
  5. CNRS (France)
  6. Universite de Paris (France)
  7. Center for Cancer Research, the Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [Z01-BC-006161]

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In this study, the structure of archaeal CsTOP1 in the absence of DNA was solved, revealing an open conformation resulting from a rotation between the CAP and CAT modules. The flexibility of the hinge, a five-residue loop connecting these modules, allows the opening/closing of the enzyme and the entry of DNA. A conserved tyrosine near the hinge was identified as mediating the transition from the open to closed conformation upon DNA binding.
Eukaryotic topoisomerases I (TOP1) are ubiquitous enzymes removing DNA torsional stress. However, there is little data concerning the three-dimensional structure of TOP1 in the absence of DNA, nor how the DNA molecule can enter/exit its closed conformation. Here, we solved the structure of thermostable archaeal Caldiarchaeum subterraneum CsTOP1 in an apoform. The enzyme displays an open conformation resulting from one substantial rotation between the capping (CAP) and the catalytic (CAT) modules. The junction between these two modules is a five-residue loop, the hinge, whose flexibility permits the opening/closing of the enzyme and the entry of DNA. We identified a highly conserved tyrosine near the hinge as mediating the transition from the open to closed conformation upon DNA binding. Directed mutagenesis confirmed the importance of the hinge flexibility, and linked the enzyme dynamics with sensitivity to camptothecin, a TOP1 inhibitor targeting the TOP1 enzyme catalytic site in the closed conformation.

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