期刊
FOOD SECURITY
卷 13, 期 6, 页码 1467-1496出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12571-021-01220-5
关键词
Smallholder commodity farmers; Poverty benchmarks; Living income; Behavioural change; Land governance; Social assistance programme
资金
- IFAD [2000002862]
- Wageningen University Research
The analysis of smallholder cocoa and tea farmers' data and literature reveals that a large proportion of them are unable to achieve a living income. Short-term interventions such as improving food security, health, finding alternative employment, and social assistance programs could be effective for households with a low likelihood of generating a living income.
Many sources indicate that smallholder tree-crop commodity farmers are poor, but there is a paucity of data on how many of them are poor and the depth of poverty. The living income concept establishes the net annual income required for a household in a place to afford a decent standard of living. Based on datasets on smallholder cocoa and tea farmers in Ghana, Ivory Coast and Kenya and literature, we conclude that a large proportion of such farmers do not have the potential to earn a living income based on their current situation. Because these farmers typically cultivate small farm sizes and have low capacity to invest and to diversify, there are no silver bullets to move them out of poverty. We present an assessment approach that results in insights into which interventions can be effective in improving the livelihoods of different types of farmers. While it is morally imperative that all households living in poverty are supported to earn a living income, the assessment approach and literature indicate that focussing on short- to medium-term interventions for households with a low likelihood of generating a living income could be: improving food security and health, finding off-farm and alternative employment, and social assistance programmes. In the long term, land governance policies could address land fragmentation and secure rights. Achieving living incomes based on smallholder commodity production requires more discussion and engagement with farmers and their household members and within their communities, coordination between all involved stakeholders, sharing lessons learnt and data.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据