Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying

Purpose of review In this review, we evaluate recent findings related to the association between gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying. Recent findings Motilin and ghrelin, which act during fasting, promote gastric motility, whereas most of the hormones secreted after a meal inhibit gastric motility. Serotonin has different progastric or antigastric motility effects depending on the receptor subtype. Serotonin receptor agonists have been used clinically to treat dyspepsia symptoms but other hormone receptor agonists or antagonists are still under development. Glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists, which have gastric motility and appetite-suppressing effects are used as a treatment for obesity and diabetes. Gastrointestinal hormones play an important role in the regulation of gastric motility. Various drugs have been developed to treat delayed gastric emptying by targeting gastrointestinal hormones or their receptors but few have been commercialized.

Automated summary

This review evaluates recent research findings on the association between gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying. Motilin and ghrelin stimulate gastric motility during fasting, while most postprandial hormones inhibit gastric motility. Serotonin has varying effects on gastric motility depending on the receptor subtype. Serotonin receptor agonists have been used clinically to treat dyspepsia symptoms, and other hormone receptor agonists and antagonists are still in development. Glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists have gastric motility and appetite-suppressing effects, and are used in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. Gastrointestinal hormones play a critical role in the regulation of gastric motility. Although several drugs targeting gastrointestinal hormones or their receptors have been developed for the treatment of delayed gastric emptying, few have been commercialized.