A new megastigmane, known porphyrinic and galloylated bioactive derivatives from the leaves of Gymnosporia senegalensis

Investigation of the non-polar (rich in chlorophyll) and polar fractions of the ethyl acetate extract of Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. leaves led to the isolation of nine compounds, including one new megastigmane derivative, (3R*,5S*,6R*,7E,9 xi)-7-megastigmene-3,6,9-triol-3-O-beta-D-(6 '-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (1), four known galloylated derivatives (2, 3, 8, 9), three known chlorophyll derivatives (4-6), and one known fatty acid (7). The structures of the isolates were determined by means of spectroscopic and spectrometric data, as well as by comparison with literature values. The extracts and isolated compounds were tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. The isolates showed weak to high antimicrobial activities with phaeophytin A (4) being the most active one whereas phaeophorbide-a (5) and Chlorine e(6) trimethyl ester (6) exhibited the highest antioxidant activities.

Automated summary

The investigation of the non-polar and polar fractions of ethyl acetate extract from Gymnosporia senegalensis leaves resulted in the isolation of nine compounds, including a new megastigmane derivative and known derivatives of galloyl, chlorophyll, and fatty acid. The compounds were tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities, showing various levels of effectiveness.