Functionalised nanopores: chemical and biological modifications

Nanopore technology has established itself as a powerful tool for single-molecule studies. By analysing changes in the ion current flowing through a single transmembrane channel, a wealth of molecular information can be elucidated. Early studies utilised nanopore technology for sensing applications, and subsequent developments have diversified its remit. Nanopores can be synthetic, solid-state, or biological in origin, but recent work has seen these boundaries blurred as hybrid functionalised pores emerge. The modification of existing pores and the construction of novel synthetic pores has been an enticing goal for creating systems with tailored properties and functionality. Here, we explore chemically functionalised biological pores and the bio-inspired functionalisation of solid-state pores, highlighting how the convergence of these domains provides enhanced functionality.

Automated summary

Nanopore technology, a powerful tool for single-molecule studies, has been widely used in sensing applications. The boundaries between synthetic, solid-state, and biological nanopores have become blurred with the emergence of hybrid functionalized pores. The convergence of chemically functionalized biological pores and bio-inspired functionalization of solid-state pores has led to enhanced functionality in systems.