期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 14, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v14010075
关键词
Serbia; rabies; prophylaxis; diagnosis; surveillance; vaccination
类别
Urban (principally canine-mediated) rabies has been a persistent public health risk in Serbia for centuries. Efforts to prevent rabies transmission, such as taxing pet dog owners and promoting vaccination, have been implemented since the 19th century. Urban rabies was eliminated in the 1980s, but sylvatic rabies remained. The last human rabies case occurred in 1980, and ongoing efforts are being made to eliminate sylvatic rabies through fox vaccination.
Urban (principally canine-mediated) rabies has been a public health risk for people living in Serbia for centuries. The first legal act in urban rabies prevention in Serbia was established in 1834 by introducing high taxes for pet dog owners. Five years later in 1839, the first set of literature describing rabies prevention was issued by the health department from The Serbian Ministry of Interior. An overview of cauterization of rabies wounds was presented as the principal method of rabies post exposure prophylaxis. In 1890, a human rabies vaccination was introduced in Serbia with the royal government directive which ordered patients to be treated at the Pasteur Institute in Budapest in receipt of rabies vaccination. Urban (canine) rabies was eliminated during the 1980s, but sylvatic (principally fox-mediated) rabies still prevailed. The last human rabies case was recorded in the Province of Kosovo and Metohija in 1980. Sylvatic rabies in Serbia is in the final stages of elimination by orally vaccinating foxes (Vulpes vulpes). The only published finding of a lyssavirus among Serbian bats was made in 1954 by Dr Milan Nikolic in the vicinity of Novi Sad. In 2006, a comprehensive two-year active surveillance program of lyssaviruses in bats in Serbia was undertaken. In this single study, all of the bats from Serbia tested negative for a lyssavirus.
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