期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 13, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13102106
关键词
antibody; cryo-electron microscopy; HIV-1; SARS-CoV-2; structural biology; virus; X-ray crystallography; Zika
类别
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [HIVRAD P01 AI100148]
- George Mason University [GMU.SARSCOV2]
- NSF GRFP
- NIH National Research Service Award Fellowship [F30AI147579]
- NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences Training Grant through the University of California, Los Angeles-California Institute of Technology Medical Scientist Training Program [T32-GM008042]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI138938]
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [INV-002143]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [INV-002143] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Global viral infections like H1N1, MERS, Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19 have highlighted the importance of rapidly developing safe and effective vaccines and therapies. Structural biology methods play a crucial role in understanding how antibodies target viral proteins, guiding the design of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies.
The H1N1 pandemic of 2009-2010, MERS epidemic of 2012, Ebola epidemics of 2013-2016 and 2018-2020, Zika epidemic of 2015-2016, and COVID-19 pandemic of 2019-2021, are recent examples in the long history of epidemics that demonstrate the enormous global impact of viral infection. The rapid development of safe and effective vaccines and therapeutics has proven vital to reducing morbidity and mortality from newly emerging viruses. Structural biology methods can be used to determine how antibodies elicited during infection or vaccination target viral proteins and identify viral epitopes that correlate with potent neutralization. Here we review how structural and molecular biology approaches have contributed to our understanding of antibody recognition of pathogenic viruses, specifically HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and Zika. Determining structural correlates of neutralization of viruses has guided the design of vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecule inhibitors in response to the global threat of viral epidemics.
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