Fostering experimental and computational synergy to modulate hyperinflammation

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Synergism of TNF-α and IFN-γ Triggers Inflammatory Cell Death, Tissue Damage, and Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Cytokine Shock Syndromes

Rajendra Karki et al.

Summary: The combination of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma induces inflammatory cell death characterized by PANoptosis, which can be inhibited to protect mice from the pathological effects and death caused by COVID-19. Blocking the cytokine-mediated inflammatory cell death signaling pathway may benefit patients with COVID-19 or other infectious and autoinflammatory diseases by limiting tissue damage/inflammation.

CELL (2021)

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Editorial Material Biochemical Research Methods

Method of the Year: spatially resolved transcriptomics

Vivien Marx

Summary: Nature Methods has named spatially resolved transcriptomics as Method of the Year 2020.

NATURE METHODS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Leveraging systems biology for predicting modulators of inflammation in patients with COVID-19

Sascha Jung et al.

Summary: A novel single cell-based computational methodology is proposed for predicting and modulating proteins involved in the inflammatory response, showing promising results in various human disease datasets. Application of this method on patients with COVID-19 revealed potential therapeutic targets for regulating inflammation.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Immunology

TLR2 senses the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein to produce inflammatory cytokines

Min Zheng et al.

Summary: The study revealed that the envelope protein of SARS-CoV-2 is sensed by TLR2, leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines, and the severity of the disease is associated with the expression of TLR2 and MYD88. The findings demonstrate the critical role of TLR2 signaling in promoting proinflammatory cytokine production during coronavirus infection, providing new insights for therapeutic strategies against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A putative chemokine switch that regulates systemic acute inflammation in humans

Nabil Azhar et al.

Summary: The study analyzed time course data on multiple inflammatory mediators in the blood of blunt trauma patients and proposed a new control architecture for systemic inflammation. A logical model was created to test this hypothesis, predicting key qualitative features of systemic inflammation in patient sub-groups.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Plasma from patients with bacterial sepsis or severe COVID-19 induces suppressive myeloid cell production from hematopoietic progenitors in vitro

Miguel Reyes et al.

Summary: The study found an expanded CD14(+) monocyte state, MS1, in patients with bacterial sepsis and severe COVID-19, with the gene expression program of MS1 correlating with sepsis severity and being up-regulated in monocytes from severe COVID-19 patients. In vitro induction of MS1 cells from healthy bone marrow HSPCs showed that plasma from sepsis or COVID-19 patients could induce myelopoiesis and expression of the MS1 gene program. The study also demonstrated that systemic cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-10 played a role in inducing myelopoiesis during severe bacterial or SARS-CoV-2 infection.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Immunology

The 'cytokine storm': molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects

Rajendra Karki et al.

Summary: CSS is a collection of clinical manifestations caused by an overactivated immune system, associated with infectious diseases, immunodeficiencies, and therapeutic interventions. Despite the tissue damage and multiorgan failure caused by CS, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms.

TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods