Magnetically active iron oxide nanoparticles for catalysis of organic transformations: A review

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) are an efficient retrievable catalytic system recognized for their broad applications in numerous fields, including pharmaceutical, nanobiotechnology, and many more. Eco-friendly reusable, inexpensive, superparamagnetic nano sizes are the main reasons for its use in various fields. Several examples are available in the literature wherein MIONPs have been exploited as efficient nanocatalysts for organic transformations. There is no review available focusing on MIONPs catalyzed organic transformation except for coupling reactions only. Thus, the present review article focuses on the compendious account of various MIONPs reported catalyzing organic transformation, including synthesis of bioactive compounds, C-C, C-N, C-O, C-S, and S-S coupling, C-H arylation, hydroboration of styrene, oxidation of m-cresol and Friedel-Crafts benzoylation reactions. In addition, the synthetic routes employed to date for modification and functionalization of MIONPs for making them suitable for catalysis have been discussed in detail with schematic illustrations. The future of catalysis lies in the lucid design and construction of the novel, highly active, and reusable magnetic iron nanocomposite catalysts that would ultimately cover the pathway to establish green and sustainable technologies. This review will be enlightening for the researchers in designing novel functionalized MIONPs for sustainable developments. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) are widely used as efficient retrievable catalysts in various fields. This review article focuses on the applications of MIONPs in organic transformations and discusses the synthetic routes for modification and functionalization of MIONPs. The future research direction lies in the design and construction of novel, highly active, and reusable magnetic iron nanocomposite catalysts for green and sustainable technologies.