4.8 Article

Enzyme-Photocatalyst Tandem Microrobot Powered by Urea for Escherichia coli Biofilm Eradication

期刊

SMALL
卷 18, 期 36, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106612

关键词

bacterial biofilms; enzymatic; micromotors; photocatalysis; TiO; (2) nanotubes; urinary infections

资金

  1. Ministery of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic - EFRR [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000444]
  2. NANOBIO [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_048/0007421]
  3. Czech Science Foundation [21-16084J]

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The study introduces a novel hybrid enzyme/photocatalytic microrobot that can swim in urea and respond to visible light, effectively removing bacterial biofilms. The results demonstrate a synergistic effect between self-propulsion provided by the enzyme and photocatalytic activity induced under light stimuli, showcasing potential applications in microbiology and biomedicine.
Urinary-based infections affect millions of people worldwide. Such bacterial infections are mainly caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilm formation in the bladder and/or urinary catheters. Herein, the authors present a hybrid enzyme/photocatalytic microrobot, based on urease-immobilized TiO2/CdS nanotube bundles, that can swim in urea as a biocompatible fuel and respond to visible light. Upon illumination for 2 h, these microrobots are able to remove almost 90% of bacterial biofilm, due to the generation of reactive radicals, while bare TiO2/CdS photocatalysts (non-motile) or urease-coated microrobots in the dark do not show any toxic effect. These results indicate a synergistic effect between the self-propulsion provided by the enzyme and the photocatalytic activity induced under light stimuli. This work provides a photo-biocatalytic approach for the design of efficient light-driven microrobots with promising applications in microbiology and biomedicine.

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