4.8 Article

Self-Organized Spatiotemporal Mineralization of Hydrogel: A Simulant of Osteon

期刊

SMALL
卷 18, 期 10, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106649

关键词

hydrogels; mineralization; osteons; reaction-diffusion dynamics; self-organized spatiotemporal patterns

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [51973133, 51925304]
  2. Sichuan Science and Technology Program [2020YJ0024]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Nature creates self-organized patterns through reaction-diffusion dynamics, while academia struggles to replicate osteon-like structures. By utilizing nonequilibrium reactions in hydrogels, researchers successfully mimic osteon formation in a mild physiological environment, with spatiotemporal self-organization of calcium phosphate in concentric rings guiding osteoblast behavior.
Nature creates fascinating self-organized spatiotemporal patterns through the delicate control of reaction-diffusion dynamics. As the primary unit of cortical bone, osteon has concentric lamellar architecture, which plays a crucial role in the mechanical and physiological functions of bone. However, it remains a great challenge to fabricate the osteon-like structure in a natural self-organization way. Taking advantage of the nonequilibrium reaction in hydrogels, a simple mineralization strategy to closely mimic the formation of osteon in a mild physiological condition is developed. By constructing two reverse concentration gradients of ions from periphery to interior of cylindrical hydrogel, spatiotemporal self-organization of calcium phosphate in concentric rings is generated. It is noteworthy that minerals in different layers possess diverse contents and crystalline phases, which further guide the adhesion and spread of osteoblasts on these patterns, resembling the architecture and cytological behavior of osteon. Besides, theoretical data indicates the predominate role of ion concentrations and pH values of solution, in good accordance with experimental results. Independent of precise instruments, this lifelike method is easily obtained, cost-efficient, and effectively imitates the mineral deposition in osteon from a physiochemical view. The strategy may be expanded to develop other functional material patterns via spatiotemporal self-organization.

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