期刊
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
卷 151, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111567
关键词
Electric vehicle routing problem; Emission; Mathematical programming; Solomon's instances
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [71871003, 719710009]
This study reviews the development of electric vehicle routing problem in transport logistics and found that existing models did not adequately consider the unique characteristics of EVs. A new comprehensive model was developed that integrates most of the known unique characteristics of EVs and advances the state-of-the-art in EVRP, demonstrating better practical logistics plans for EV fleets with lower emissions cost and higher energy utilization through computational experiments on Solomon's instances.
Electric vehicles (EVs) are witnessing a surge in demand and production for their environmental benefits. This study reviews the development of electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) in transport logistics. The review found that few existing EVRP models considered integrally the unique characteristics of EVs, such as the nonlinear charging function, nonlinear electricity-consumption function, and dynamic driving ranges. This study develops a new comprehensive model of the EVRP that considers a general energy/electricity consumption function for EVs that factor in energy losses (aerodynamic, tire friction, drivetrain, ancillary, and kinetic/potential losses), nonlinear charging function with the piecewise linearization technique, efficient visits to charge stations, and continuous decision variables for speed, payload, travel time, recharging, etc. The newly developed model is much closer to reality by integrating most of the unique characteristics of EVs known so far, and therefore it advances the state-of-the-art in EVRP. Computational experiments on Solomon's instances were done to exhibit the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed model under the effects of air conditioner, battery capacity, and travel speed. These experiments demonstrated that the model can obtain more practical logistics plans for an EV fleet with a lower total emissions cost and higher energy utilization.
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