Amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes/polyphosphazene hybrids for improving the fire safety and mechanical properties of epoxy

To expand further modern industrial applications of epoxy resin (EP), the urgent problems of flammability and poor mechanical properties have to be solved. Therefore, amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes (AFP@CNTs) was designed and successfully synthesized to enhance the comprehensive properties, including fire safety and mechanical properties. Especially, the flame retardant mechanism, the combustion and pyrolysis process of EP/AFP@CNTs were investigated as well. With the addition of 1.5 wt% AFP@CNTs, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP were reduced by 27.6% and 29.0%, respectively, which may due to the cooperative effect between the phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant of polyphosphazene and the cohesive phase flame retardant of carbon nanotubes. In addition, the mechanical performance of EP/AFP@CNTs composites were also investigated. The results showed that the impact strength, tensile strength and the storage modulus effectively increased by 65.0%, 29.0% and 13.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the change of the combustion and pyrolysis process of EP/ AFP@CNTs may be attributed to the catalytic effect of the amino-functionalized polyphosphazene, which could participate in the formation of epoxy thermal curing crosslinking network and catalyze the degradation process of epoxy resin.

Automated summary

Amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes (AFP@CNTs) were designed and synthesized to enhance the comprehensive properties of epoxy resin, including fire safety and mechanical performance. The addition of 1.5 wt% AFP@CNTs reduced the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP, while increasing the impact strength, tensile strength, and storage modulus. The presence of AFP@CNTs also affected the combustion and pyrolysis process of EP.