期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 288, 期 1963, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1903
关键词
organic agriculture; adaptation; Daphnia magna; deltamethrin; resistance; evolution
资金
- BELSPO [BR/175/A1/ORCA]
- FWO PhD SB fellowship [1S04618 N]
- FWO Postdoctoral fellowship [1222120 N]
The study evaluated the local genetic adaptation of populations of the non-target aquatic species Daphnia magna to organic and conventional agriculture practices. The results showed that D. magna populations exhibit different levels of adaptation to local pesticide use, with populations near conventional agriculture areas showing increased resistance to chlorpyrifos and populations near organic agriculture areas showing more resistance to deltamethrin.
Pesticide application is an important stressor to non-target species and can profoundly affect ecosystem functioning. Debates continue on the choice of agricultural practices regarding their environmental impact, and organic farming is considered less detrimental compared to conventional practices. Nevertheless, comparative studies on the impacts of both agricultural approaches on the genetic adaptation of non-target species are lacking. We assessed to what extent organic and conventional agriculture elicit local genetic adaptation of populations of a non-target aquatic species, Daphnia magna. We tested for genetic differences in sensitivity of different D. magna populations (n = 7), originating from ponds surrounded by conventional and organic agriculture as well as nature reserves, to pesticides used either in conventional (chlorpyrifos) or organic agriculture (deltamethrin and copper sulfate). The results indicate that D. magna populations differentially adapt to local pesticide use. Populations show increased resistance to chlorpyrifos as the percentage of conventional agriculture in the surrounding landscape increases, whereas populations from organic agriculture sites are more resistant to deltamethrin. While organic agriculture is considered less harmful for non-target species than conventional, both types of agriculture shape the evolution of pesticide resistance in non-target species in a specific manner, reflecting the differences in selection pressure.
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